Human Anatomy and Histology · MU Plovdiv

101. Organ of vision – general remarks. Outer (fibrous) and middle (vascular) coat – parts, description.

Inside: 10 sections · 7 labelled pictures · 20 flashcards · 5 min

Topic 101 of 138 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Human Anatomy and Histology (Dental Medicine, Year 1). The free AceMed note covers it in 10 sections, about 755 words (5 min of reading), with 20 flashcards.

In this note

  1. EYE
  2. Overview:
  3. Development:
  4. FIBROUS LAYER of the eyeball
  5. The Sclera:
  6. The Cornea:
  7. VASCULAR LAYER (of the eyeball)
  8. Choroid:
  9. Iris:
  10. Ciliary body:

Overview:

  • The human eye is a remarkable sensory organ capable of recieving visual images & relaying them to the brain.
  • The eye is protected within a bony socket called the orbits.

Besides the eyes, the orbits host several structures, that support the eyeballs including muscles, vessels, nerves & a gland.

Main eye structures:

  1. Cornea - transparent tissue at the front of the eye.
  2. Iris
  3. Lense
  4. Retina
  5. Optic nerve
  6. Extraocular muscles.

Development:

  • Ectoderm
  • Neural tube
  • forebrain
  • midbrain
  • hindbrain
  • At 22-days ,eyes appear as a pair of shallow grooves on the side of the forebrain (optic vesicles).
  • As the optic vesicles extend toward the surface ectoderm:
  • the proximal portion constricts to form the optic stalk (which becomes the future optic nerve).
  • the distal portion invaginates to form the optic cup.

* development of individual structures:

  • Lense: the lense vesicle forms through interactions between the optic vesicle & the overlying surface ectoderm.
  • Cornea, Iris & Ciliary Body: from optic cup & surrounding tissues.

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