Human Anatomy and Histology · MU Plovdiv

61. Endocrine system- organs, classification. General characteristics. The pituitary gland, the thyroid and suprarenal glands – position, morphological characteristic. Blood and nerve supply.

Inside: 27 sections · 12 labelled pictures · 30 flashcards · 10 min

Topic 61 of 138 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Human Anatomy and Histology (Dental Medicine, Year 1). The free AceMed note covers it in 22 sections, about 1,421 words (10 min of reading), with 30 flashcards.

In this note

  1. (Endocrine Glands.) PITUITARY GLAND
  2. Blood Supply:
  3. Structure:
  4. Syntopy:
  5. Histology:
  6. Functions:
  7. 97 PINEAL GLAND
  8. Syntopy:
  9. Histological structure
  10. Vasculation: → Posterior chorodial artery.
  11. Functions:
  12. 98 THYROID GLAND
  13. Structure:
  14. Capsules of the thyroid gland (2 capsules).
  15. Parts:
  16. Innervation:
  17. Histology:
  18. Vasculation:
  19. SUPRARENAL GLAND
  20. PARAGANGLIA
  21. Types of Paraganglia:
  22. Function:

(Endocrine Glands.) PITUITARY GLAND

  • It is a small oval gland located at the base of the brain.
  • Is the master of endocrine glands
  • Site: in the hyposeal fossa (sella turcica).
  • ↳ located in the sphenoid bone.

Blood Supply:

Arterial blood supply:

  • 1 Superior hypophysial artery (a branch of the internal carotid artery) – supplies the infundibulum and median eminence
  • 2 Portal system of the hypophysis – originates from the spiral arteries in the pituitary stalk and continues to the second capillary bed in the adenohypophysis
  • 3 Trabecular artery – supplies the pars distalis of the anterior lobe
  • 4 Inferior hypophysial artery (branch of the internal carotid artery) – supplies the posterior lobe

Venous drainage:

  • 5 Hypophysial veins (into the cavernous sinus)

Structure:

  1. Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
  2. 1.1 Pars distalis – the major part of the anterior lobe
  3. 1.2 Pars intermedia – a strip of hypophyseal tissue at the border with the posterior lobe
  4. 1.3 Pars tuberalis – a layer surrounding the stalk of the posterior lobe
  5. Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe)
  6. 2.1 Infundibulum – the stalk of the posterior lobe
  7. 2.2 Neural lobe – the posterior lobe itself

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