FEMALE Reproductive System
The female reproductive system is a complex network of organs and structures responsible for the production of eggs (ova), reception of sperm, fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
Organs:
- Ovaries: Paired organs that produce eggs (ova) and female sex hormones, estrogen, and progesterone.
- Fallopian Tubes (Oviducts): Tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus, where fertilization typically occurs. They also transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
- Uterus (Womb): A pear-shaped organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus during pregnancy. The inner lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, thickens each month in preparation for pregnancy and sheds during menstruation if pregnancy does not occur.
- Cervix: The lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. It produces cervical mucus, which changes consistency throughout the menstrual cycle to facilitate or inhibit sperm passage.
- Vagina: A muscular canal that connects the uterus to the outside of the body. It serves as the birth canal during childbirth and also receives the penis during sexual intercourse.
- Vulva: The external genitalia, which includes the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal opening.