Human Anatomy and Histology · MU Plovdiv

89. Olfactory apparatus (rhinencephalon). Olfactory pathway. Limbic system.

Inside: 10 sections · 13 labelled pictures · 30 flashcards · 9 min

Topic 89 of 138 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Human Anatomy and Histology (Dental Medicine, Year 1). The free AceMed note covers it in 10 sections, about 1,199 words (9 min of reading), with 30 flashcards.

In this note

  1. RHINENCEPHALON (olfactory brain)
  2. Components:
  3. LIMBIC SYSTEM
  4. Structures:
  5. Functions:
  6. Connections between the limbic structures:
  7. The papez circit:
  8. OLFACTORY
  9. Structure:
  10. Olfactory Sensory system:

RHINENCEPHALON (olfactory brain)

  • The rhinencephalon is a part of the brain that is primarily involved in smell (olfaction)
  • It is part of the olfactory system

Components:

1. Olfactory Bulb:

tufted cells + mitral cells

  • Located above the nasal cavity
  • It recieves input from the olfactory receptor neurons via the olfactory n.

2. Olfactory Tract:

  • Is a bundle of nerve fibers that extends from the olfactory bulb to several regions of the brain
  • It carries processed olfactory information to higher brain centers.

3. Anterior Olfactory Nucleus:

  • The anterior olfactory nucleus is a small cluster of neurons located in the olfactory cortex, specifically in the olfactory peduncle (part of the basal forebrain).
  • It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is involved in the initial processing of olfactory information.

4. Anterior Perforated Substance:

  • It contains numerous small blood vessels (perforating arteries) that supply blood to the basal forebrain and other nearby structures.
  • The anterior perforated substance also contains neurons involved in regulating autonomic functions and integrating sensory information.

5. Medial and lateral Olfactory Stria.

  • The olfactory tract divided into medial & lateral stria.

lateral Stria (Root)

Supply the uncus & gives branches to:

  1. Piriform cortex of the temporal lobe

(the 1° olfactory cortex)

Entorhinal cortex.

  1. Hippocampal gyrus
  2. Amygdaloid complex

Medial Stria (terminates in the contralateral olfactory bulb).

cross the midline via ant. commissure.

Supply:

  1. Subcallosal gyrus
  2. Ant. olfactory

which includes the piriform cortex, the amygdala, & the entorhinal cortex.

lat.

lat ora

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