Topic 8 of 29 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Cytology, General Histology and Human Embryology (Medicine, Year 1). The free AceMed note covers it in 17 sections, about 1,957 words (13 min of reading), with 58 flashcards.
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Cartilage - Hyaline Cartilage
Cartilage
Hyaline Cartilage
Matrix
Chondrocytes
Perichondrium
Cartilage. Elastic cartilage. Fibrous Cartilage.
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Bone Tissue and Cells
Cells of Bone Tissue
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Bone Tissue - Bone formation or ossification.
Intramembranous Ossification
Endochondral Ossification
Regulation of Bone Growth
Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and tough connective tissue characterised by a high concentration of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and proteoglycans in its extracellular matrix (ECM). These molecules interact with collagen and elastic fibres to give cartilage its unique properties. There are three main types of cartilage: hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage. Each type is adapted to specific biomechanical needs. Cartilage plays a vital role in supporting soft tissues, providing smooth, lubricated surfaces in joints, and guiding the development and growth of long bones.
The firm consistency of cartilage allows it to bear mechanical stress without permanent distortion. This property makes it ideal for forming the framework of the respiratory tract (nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi), ears, and nose. The smooth, lubricated surface and resilience of cartilage also make it essential for shock absorption and smooth movement in joints. In the embryo, hyaline cartilage serves as a temporary skeleton that is later replaced by bone.
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