1. Anemia - classification. Iron deficiency anemia · Internal Diseases – Part 1 (Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Phthisiatrics, Cardiology, Haematology) · MU Plovdiv

Essay 1- Anemia - classification. Iron deficiency anemia

What is anemia?
Defined as an abnormally low number of circulating red blood cells or level of hemoglobin, or both, resulting in diminished oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
Usually results from excessive loss (i.e., bleeding) or destruction (i.e., hemolysis) of red blood cells or from deficient red blood cell production because of a lack of nutritional elements or bone marrow failure
Most characteristic feature is the decreased Hb concentration
Parameters
Hb:
Men- 160+20 g/L
Women- 140+20 g/L
RBC number:
Men- 4.5-6×10^12/L
Women- 3.9-5.3×10^12/L
HCT (RBC to total vol of blood):
40-50%
MCV- size of RBC (82-98 fL)
MCH- intensity of RBC colour (27-32 pg)
Classification
Pathophysiological classification
Clinical
Acute
Subacute
Chronic
RBC morphology
Microcytic
Macrocytic
Spherocytic
Hb content
Hypochromic
Hyperchromic
Normochromic
Pathogenetic classification
Post hemorrhagic
Impaired erythroproduction (depressed erythropoesis)
Impaired heme production
Impaired production of whole cell
Impaired DNA synthesis
Increased erythrodestruction (hemolysis)
Other classification (from lecture)
Hypo-regenerative:
Iron def
B12 def
Folate def
Aplastic anemia
Congenital diserythropoetic anemia
Hyper-regenerative:
Hemolytic anemias
Lab values
Fe- 50-150 microgram/dL
TIBC- 250-400 microgram/dL
Ferritin- 50-300 microgram/dL