Topic 2 of 43 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Orthopaedics and Traumatology (Medicine, Year 4). The free AceMed note covers it in 7 sections, about 242 words (2 min of reading), with 14 flashcards.
In this note
Essay 2- Obstetric paralysis
Definition
Etiology
Types
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Definition
Type of paralysis which is due to an injury to the nerves of the brachial plexus!
Seen in the course of delivery of a baby!
Etiology
Trauma to the brachial plexus during the birthing process:
Shoulder dystocia
Breech births
Forceps extraction
Large birth weight
Types
Upper type (Duchenne-Erb)
Lower type (Dejerine-Klumpke)
Complete (total)
Symptoms
Upper type (Erb)
C4, C5 and C6 of the plexus are affected
Paralysis of m. deltoideus, m. biceps brachii, m. supraspinatus, m. infraspinatus, m. subscapularis, m. coracobrachialis and m. supinator longus
Elbow joint is slightly flexed and the forearm is pronated
Child can not actively raise the arm upwards or laterally, or to rotate the arm laterally in the shoulder joint.
Extremity is relaxed and falls!
Lower type (Dejerine-Klumpke)
C7, C8 and Th1 of the plexus are affected
Hypotrophy of the thenar and the hypothenar occur
Hypoesthesia in these zones is also seen
Stunted growth of the extremity may be observed
Complete
Combination of both types
Complete palsy of the arm occurs
Claude Bernard-Horner symptom is observed frequently
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