Otorhinolaryngology · MU Plovdiv

11. Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Lips and Oral Cavity. Inflammatory diseases of the Lips and Oral Cavity. Oral Floor Abscess. Angioedema. Anatomy, Physiology and Immunology of the Pharynx. Methods of Examination of the Pharynx.

Inside: 42 sections · 47 labelled pictures · 3 tables · 46 flashcards · 31 min

Topic 11 of 18 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Otorhinolaryngology (Medicine, Year 4). The free AceMed note covers it in 42 sections, about 4,478 words (31 min of reading), with 46 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Basic Anatomy and Physiology of the Lips and Oral Cavity. Inflammatory diseases of the Lips and Oral Cavity. Oral Floor Abscess. Angioedema. Anatomy, Physiology and Immunology of the Pharynx. Methods of Examination of the Pharynx.
  2. Anatomy of Lips
  3. Lips & Cheeks
  4. Anatomy of Cheeks
  5. Masticatory muscles
  6. Oral Vestibule
  7. Teeth
  8. Oral Cavity
  9. Tongue- Oral cavity Floor
  10. Muscles of the Tongue- oral floor
  11. Physiology/ Function of Oral Cavity:
  12. Inflammatory Diseases of Lips & Oral Cavity
  13. Herpes simplex virus
  14. Herpes Zoster Virus
  15. Herpangina – Vesicular pharyngitis, Ulcerative pharyngitis
  16. Inflammatory mucosa lesions of HIV Infections
  17. Oral Floor Abscess – Ludwig’s Angina
  18. Angioedema
  19. PHARYNX
  20. Anatomy of Pharynx
  21. Blood supply:
  22. Lymphatic Drainage
  23. 1) Nasopharynx:
  24. 2) Oropharynx:
  25. 3) Hypopharynx/ Laryngopharynx:
  26. Parapharyngeal space divided anatomically into:
  27. Tonsillar ring (Waldeyer’s ring)
  28. Physiology of tonsils:
  29. Physiology of Pharynx: Swallowing
  30. Methods of examining the pharynx
  31. Clinical Anatomy of the Oral Cavity
  32. Clinical Anatomy of the Pharynx
  33. Nasopharynx (Epipharynx)
  34. Oropharynx (Mesopharynx)
  35. Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
  36. Pharyngeal Musculature and Innervation
  37. Vascular Supply
  38. Pharyngeal Spaces & Fascial Planes
  39. Swallowing Mechanism (Deglutition)
  40. Inflammatory diseases of the pharynx and oral cavity – acute tonsillitis – types, acute pharyngitis.
  41. Acute tonsillitis
  42. Acute pharyngitis

Anatomy of Lips

  • Orbicularis oris muscle → muscular foundation of the lips
  • Contains: Numerous seromucous salivary glands → drains into the oral vestibule.
  • Labial Oral commisures connects upper lip to lower lip

Blood supply:

  • Superior and inferior labial artery branches of the facial artery (and corresponding facial vein which drains into IJV)
  • Angular artery as the terminal branch of the facial artery which anastomoses with ophthalmic artery

Lymphatic drainage

  • Upper lip = unilateral – preauricular and intraparotid LN
  • Lower lip = bilateral – submandibular and submental LN

Innervation:

  • Sensory = V2 and V3 of trigeminal
  • Motor = Facial

Lips & Cheeks

  • Largely formed by mimetic muscles – orbicularis oris and buccinator
  • Lined on mucosal side by non-keratinised squamous epithelium
  • Lips separated from cheek via nasolabial fold & oblique sulcus

Anatomy of Cheeks

  • Form lateral boundaries of oral vestibule
  • Contain small salivary glands in their mucosa
  • Muscular framework formed by buccinator muscle
  • Receives motor innervation from branches of CN VII
  • Bichat fat pad (buccal fat pad) = between buccinator and overlying masseter muscle
  • Acts to smooth the cheek contour by filling in the depression at the anterior border of the masseter
  • Excretory duct of the parotid gland runs through the buccinator and opens into the mucosa of the cheeks opposite the upper second molar

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