Dental Public Health · MU Sofia

8. Dental health problems of priority groups of population – children and adolescents; pregnant women; people working in harmful conditions; patients with chronic diseases; elderly people.

Covers the oral health needs of five priority population groups: children and adolescents, pregnant women, workers exposed to harmful conditions, patients with chronic systemic diseases, and elderly people. For each group it lists the main problems, risk factors and preventive measures. It includes a list of occupations with their specific oral hazards, and a system-by-system account of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular, endocrine and blood disorders, with their dental implications.

Inside: 13 sections · 6 flashcards · 3 min

Topic 20 of 38 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Dental Public Health (Dental Medicine, Year 3). The free AceMed note covers it in 13 sections, about 406 words (3 min of reading), with 6 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Core Idea
  2. Children and Adolescents
  3. Pregnant Women
  4. People Working in Harmful Conditions
  5. Patients with Chronic Diseases
  6. Cardiovascular Diseases
  7. Respiratory Diseases
  8. Endocrine Diseases
  9. Digestive Diseases
  10. Musculoskeletal Diseases
  11. Urinary Diseases
  12. Blood Diseases
  13. Elderly People

Core Idea

  • Priority groups are population groups with increased oral health needs due to age, physiological state, occupation, or systemic disease.
  • These groups require:
  • More preventive care
  • More frequent examinations
  • Adapted treatment plans
  • Health education

Children and Adolescents

  • Rapid growth and development increase dental care needs.
  • Main oral health problems:
  • Dental caries
  • Malocclusions
  • Gingivitis
  • Dental trauma
  • Risk factors:
  • Frequent sugar consumption
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Incomplete enamel maturation
  • Lack of fluoride
  • Importance:
  • Healthy dentition is essential for normal growth and development.
  • School-age children should ideally reach adulthood with a functional dentition.
  • Prevention:
  • Oral health education
  • Fluoride programmes
  • Sealants
  • Regular dental examinations
  • Bulgaria:
  • Expanded NHIF packages for patients under 18 years.

Pregnant Women

  • Pregnancy causes physiological and hormonal changes that affect oral health.
  • Main oral health problems:
  • Pregnancy gingivitis
  • Increased caries risk
  • Periodontal disease
  • Pregnancy epulis
  • Reasons:
  • Increased hormonal activity
  • Changes in diet
  • Increased calcium and phosphorus requirements
  • Dental considerations:
  • Treatment planning must consider gestational age.
  • Radiographs and medications require caution.
  • Prevention and oral hygiene are especially important.
  • NHIF:
  • Additional prophylactic examination during pregnancy.

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