Anatomy (Bones and Muscles) · MU Sofia

33. Facial muscles.

Covers the facial muscles, which develop from the second pharyngeal arch and are supplied by the facial nerve, arising from bone or subcutaneous tissue and inserting into skin. It then goes through the orbital, nasal and oral groups, giving origin, insertion, nerve supply, function and blood supply for each muscle, with orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris and buccinator treated in most detail. It closes with related muscles outside the face, namely platysma, occipitofrontalis and the auricular muscles, presented in a table.

Inside: 7 sections · 20 labelled pictures · 3 tables · 16 flashcards · 8 min

Topic 33 of 49 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Bones and Muscles) (Medicine, Years 1 and 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 7 sections, about 1,064 words (8 min of reading), with 16 flashcards.

In this note

  1. FACIAL MUSCLES
  2. Orbital group : flat & circular
  3. Nasal group :
  4. Oral group :
  5. Lower group of oral muscles:
  6. Upper group of oral muscles:
  7. Other muscles :

FACIAL MUSCLES

have the following features:

  • They develop from the mesoderm of the 2nd pharyngeal arch, so they are supplied by the facial nerve.
  • They arise from bones or subcutaneous tissue of the face and inserted into the skin.
  • They are responsible for facial expressions. They also serve as sphincters and dilators around openings in the face (eye, nose, and mouth).
  • They are divided into functional groups (orbital, nasal, and oral groups), in addition to other muscles controlling the auricle of the ear. From all these muscles: orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, and buccinator muscles will be discussed in details.
  • N.B: Occipito-frontalis (in the scalp) and platysma (in the neck) have the same features of muscles of the face.

* Only in the head under the skin the facial n. is found (not sensory nerves)

Orbital group : flat & circular

1. Orbicularis Oculi ( has 3 parts)

  1. ⓐ Orbital (outer) part
  2. ⓑ Palpebral (inner) part.
  3. ⓒ Lacrimal (deep part.)

O: Nasal part of frontal bone, frontal process of maxilla, medial palpebral ligament.

I: skin of orbital region, lateral palpebral raphe sup. & inf. tarsal plates. ( = meeting of 2 muscles)

N: temporal & zygomatic branches of facial n.

F: Orbital part - closes eyelid tightly Palpebral pt - " " gently lacrimal pt.- compresses lacrimal sac.

B.S: Ophthalmic artery

2 Corrugator supercilli m. : (eyebrows)

O: medial end of superciliary arches

I: skin of the medial half of the eyebrow

N: temporal branches of VII CN.

F: Creates vertical wrinkles above the nose

B.S: Ophthalmic art. (branch of internal carotid art.)

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