Anatomy (Cardiovascular system) · MU Sofia

123. External iliac artery. Femoral artery.

Covers the external iliac artery from its origin at the common iliac bifurcation through to its passage under the inguinal ligament, listing its branches such as the deep circumflex iliac and inferior epigastric arteries, including the pubic branch that anastomoses with the obturator artery and the sex-specific cremasteric and rounded ligament branches. It then follows the femoral artery through the femoral triangle and adductor canal to the adductor hiatus, describing its superficial and deep branches, notably the profunda femoris with its perforating and circumflex branches, and the descending genicular artery.

Inside: 2 sections · 8 labelled pictures · 13 flashcards · 2 min

Topic 18 of 36 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Cardiovascular system) (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 2 sections, about 270 words (2 min of reading), with 13 flashcards.

In this note

  1. EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
  2. FEMORAL ARTERY

EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY

  • Larger than the Internal iliac artery.
  • Course : Inguinal canal (vascular space) ⟶ Become Femoral Artery.
  • O: Abdominal aorta ⟶(L4) Common iliac artery ⟶(Sacroiliac joint) R/L External iliac artery.
  • Before passes under the inguinal ligament it gives branches:

EIA

  • Deep Circumflex artery
  • from distal end of EIA.
  • S: Abdomin muscles of the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle.
  • Inferior epigastric artery
  • Connect Sup. epigastric art. (a branch of Internal thoracic art.)
  • * Pubic branch
  • Make anastmosis with the pubic branch of the obturator artery (branch of internal iliac artery).
  • They form the Crown of Death
  • In males: cremastic a.
  • S: the testis
  • In females: art. of rounded ligament.

FEMORAL ARTERY

  • Continuation of external iliac artery as it passes the inguinal canal.
  • Course : inguinal canal ⟶ Femoral triangle (formed by the serratius m. + Adductor muscle) ⟶ adductor canal ⟶(passes) Adductor hiatus above the knee ⟶(become) Popliteal artery. ↳ behind the knee.

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Branches

  • Superficial branches
  • Superficial epigastric art.
  • runs to umbilicus
  • S: Skin + superficial facia + superficial inguinal lymph nodes
  • Superficial Circumflex iliac art. The smallest branch!
  • runs to super. anter. iliac spine.
  • " "
  • Superficial External pudendal art.
  • S: lower abdominal skin + penile, scrotal or labial skin
  • Deep branches
  • Deep femoral art. (Profunda femoris) = deep artery of the thingh 4 cm below inguinal ligament.
  • 3 Perforating branche
  • S: Post. muscles of the thigh
  • lateral circumflex femoral. art.
  • Ascending
  • Transverse
  • Descending
  • Medial circumflex femoral art.
  • Deep external pudendal art.
  • S: Skin of perineum + Scrotum or labium majus.
  • Descending Genicular artery
  • medially.
  • S: Knee joint.
  • saphenus branch
  • muscular branch
  • at knee
  • Femoral triangle:

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