127. Inferior vena cava. Veins of the pelvis and the lower part of the abdominal wall.

IVC

• Is the largest vein in the human body.
• No valves.

Function: Collects deoxygenated blood from the inferior half of the body (below the diaphragm)

Visceral tibutaries:-

• Hepatic veins (3) (Right, intermediate & left).
• R. Superenal vein
• R. Renal vein
• L. Renal vein
• L. Suprarenal v.
• L. Ovarian / Testicular v.
• R. Ovarian / Testicular v.

Parietal Tibutaries:

• (4) Pairs of lumber veins.
• communicate with:
• External / Internal vertebral venous plexuses (to drain spinal cord)
• Ascending lumber veins.
• Inferior phrenic vein.
• R. common iliac vein + L. Common iliac vein
• ↓ L4 _ L5
• Inferior Vena Cava
• ↓ Ascends along the right side
• ↓ Passes throu h the diaphragm at the level of T8 vertebra (through caval opening). together with the phrenic nerve.
• ↓ It opens into the right atrium at the level of 6th right costal cartilage.

PELVIC VEINS

• There are 3 main veins:

1. External iliac vein:

• Continuation of Femoral v.

Starts at crossing of inguinal ligament.

Tributaries:

1. 1. Inferior Epigastric v.

• Collects blood from anterior abdominal wall.
• Its peripheral part is doubled
• Anastmoses from the superior epigastric vein.

1. 2. Deep Circumflex iliac vein:

• Collects blood from the iliac region and the adjacent abdominal wall.

2. Internal iliac vein:

Parietal Tributaries

1. 1. Sup. gluteal veins
2. 2. Inf. gluteal veins.
3. 3. Obturator veins
4. 4. Lateral Sacral veins
5. 5. Illiolumber V.

Visceral Tributaries:

1. 1. External / Internal Rectal venous plexus
2. 2. Vesical Venous Plexus.
3. 3. Internal pudendal vein.
4. 4. Prostatic Venous Plexus (male)
5. 5. Utrine venous plexus (female)
6. 6. Vaginal Venous plexus (female)

3. Common iliac vein: CIV

• internal iliac v. + External iliac v.
• ↓ sacroiliac joint
• CIV + CIV ← no valves
• ↓ IVC

Tributaries:

1. 1. Ascending lumber v.
2. 2. Median sacral v.

• drain into L.CIV.

1. 3. Illiolumber v.

• or in internal iliac v.