Covers bone marrow as soft, highly vascular connective tissue within bone cavities and its role as the main site of blood cell production. Explains the division into red marrow, found in spongy bone and the proximal ends of long bones, and yellow marrow, dominated by fat cells and found in long bone shafts, including how yellow marrow can revert to red. Describes the structure of marrow as vascular and non-vascular regions, with hematopoietic cells clustered around vascular sinuses before release into the blood.
Topic 32 of 36 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Cardiovascular system) (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 3 sections, about 289 words (2 min of reading), with 13 flashcards.
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BONE MARROW
Types:
Structure:
BONE MARROW
Is soft, highly vascular and flexible C.T within bone cavities.
Function: primary site of new blood cell production (hematopoiesis).
* Most of the bone marrow during birth to early adolescence is red bone marrow,
With age it transfers to yellow bone marrow.
Types:
There are 2 main types:
1. Red Marrow:
Is rich in hematopoietic stem cells (which give rise to all blood cell types).
Contains developing and mature blood cells, including RBCs and platelets.
Location: Is primarily found in the spongy or trabecular bone such as the vertebrae, ribs, sternum pelvic bones, and proximal ends of long bones.
Function: Is the main site of hematopoiesis.
→ non-vascular
2. Yellow Marrow:
Yellow marrow is dominant by adipocytes.
Has fewer active hematopoietic cells compared to red bone marrow.
Location: found in the central cavities of long bones, such as the shafts of femurs & humeri.
Function: Site for fat storage.
Can convert into red marrow if increased blood cell production is required.
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