Anatomy Bones and Muscles · MU Pleven

70. Kidney

Covers the kidney's position, extent and dimensions, then its segmentation by blood supply and external and internal structure, including cortex, medulla, pyramids and papillae. Also takes in its functions, coverings, anterior and posterior relations, arterial and venous supply, lymphatic drainage, innervation, and the histology of the nephron with the juxtaglomerular apparatus. The note includes a list of renal segment arteries and a list of the renal veins in drainage order.

Inside: 12 sections · 13 labelled pictures · 10 flashcards · 8 min

Topic 69 of 236 in the MU Pleven syllabus for Anatomy Bones and Muscles (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 12 sections, about 1,052 words (8 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Introduction
  2. KIDNEY
  3. Kidney Segmentation:
  4. External structure:
  5. Functions
  6. Internal structure:
  7. Covering of the kidney:
  8. Syntopy:
  9. Blood supply:
  10. Structure of hilum of kidney:
  11. Innervation:
  12. Histology:

Introduction

80-81

KIDNEY

  • There are 2 kidneys, one on each side, laying on the posterior abdominal wall (retroperitoneum). → so fixed.
  • Extend from T12 - L3 vertebrae. → right L1 - L3
  • Right kidney is ½ inch lower than left kidney (because the presence of the liver in right side).
  • Dimensions: 12 x 6 x 3 (Length, w., Thickness)
  • They are (bean shaped)
  • The left kidney is longer and more slender than the right kidney, as well as being nearer to the midline.

Kidney Segmentation:

↳ Based on Blood Supply

  • 1 Superior segment (segmentum superius) – is supplied by the superior segmental artery (a. segmenti superioris)
  • 2 Inferior segment (segmentum inferius) – is supplied by the inferior segmental artery (a. segmenti inferioris)
  • 3 Anterior superior segment (segmentum anterius superius) – is supplied by the anterior superior segmental artery (a. segmenti anterioris superioris)
  • 4 Anterior inferior segment (segmentum anterius inferius) – is supplied by the anterior inferior segmental artery (a. segmenti anterioris inferioris)
  • 5 Posterior segment (segmentum posterius) – is supplied by the posterior segmental artery (a. segmenti posterioris)

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