Human Anatomy and Histology · MU Plovdiv

29. Topography of the lower limb - suprapiriform foramen, infrapiriform foramen, vascular, mus-cular and lymphatic lacuna, obturator and femoral canal.

Inside: 24 sections · 14 labelled pictures · 28 flashcards · 15 min

Topic 29 of 212 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Human Anatomy and Histology (Medicine, Years 1 and 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 19 sections, about 1,996 words (15 min of reading), with 28 flashcards.

In this note

  1. GLUTEAL REGION
  2. Boundaries
  3. Clinical Significance:
  4. Surface Anatomy:
  5. Greater & lesser Sciatic foramina:
  6. Suprapiriform & Infrapiriform foramina:
  7. Muscular & Vascular Space (both gluteal & thigh regions)
  8. Obturator Canal: (for both gluteal & thigh regions)
  9. THIGH Region
  10. Boundaries:
  11. Divisions:
  12. Introduction
  13. Obturator Canal:
  14. Anterior Region of the thigh.
  15. Sephanus Opening:
  16. Femoral triangle & iliopectineal fossa:
  17. Common content
  18. Adductor Canal:
  19. Content

Boundaries

  1. Superiorly: Crista iliaca.
  2. Medially: Lateral margin of the sacrum and coccygeal bone.
  3. Inferiorly: Sulcus glutealis.
  4. Anteriorly: Line connecting spina iliaca anterior superior and trochanter major. of the Fumer bone.

External Surface:

  1. Concave appearance due to underlying muscle size and fat content.

Clinical Significance:

  1. Inflammation Encapsulation: Due to the firm sheath of m. gluteus maximus.
  2. Palpable Landmarks for Diagnosis: Crista iliaca, spina iliaca anterior superior/inferior, trochanter major.
  3. NVBs Significance: Important for surgical approaches and understanding vascular/nerve pathologies.
  4. Bursitis: Common around trochanter major and tuber ischiadicum due to synovial bursae.

Surface Anatomy:

  1. Skin:
  • Thick and rich in sebaceous glands.
  • Adipose tissue in lobules separated by transverse fibrous septa.
  1. Superficial fascia:
  • Abundant adipose tissue, merging superiorly with massa adiposa lumboglutealis.
  • Minimal fat around tuber ischiadicum and trochanter major, replaced by fibrous tissue with synovial bursae.
  1. Cutaneus nerves
  • Superior cluneal nerves: Emerge from crista iliaca and course inferiorly.
  • Middle cluneal nerves: Emerge at the medial border and course laterally.
  • Inferior cluneal nerves: Emerge from the inferior border of m. gluteus maximus and course upwards.
  1. Deep fascia.
  2. 1. Superior extension: Fascia thoracolumbalis.
  3. 2. Inferior extension: Fascia lata of the thigh.
  4. 3. Layers:
  • Superficial layer: Covers mm. glutei maximus and medius, becoming an aponeurosis over m. gluteus medius.
  • Deep layer: Thin, lining the inner surface of m. gluteus maximus, forming its fascial sheath with fibrous septa.
  1. Muscles:

The subperitoneal space communicates with the anterior compartment of the thigh through the vascular and muscular spaces, with the posterior compartment of the thigh through the greater and lesser sciatic foramina and with the medial compartment of the thigh through the obturator canal.

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