EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
- Larger than the Internal iliac artery.
- Course: Inguinal canal (vascular space) ⟶ Become Femoral Artery.
- O: Abdominal aorta ⟶(L4) Common iliac artery ⟶(Sacroiliac joint) R/L External iliac artery.
- Before passes under the inguinal ligament it gives branches:
EIA
- Deep Circumflex artery
- from distal end of EIA.
- S: Abdomin muscles of the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle.
- Inferior epigastric artery
- Connect Sup. epigastric art. (a branch of Internal thoracic art.)
- Pubic branch
- Make anastmosis with the pubic branch of the obturator artery (branch of internal iliac artery).
- They form the Crown of Death
- In males: cremastic a.
- S: the testis
- In females: art. of rounded ligament.
FEMORAL ARTERY
- Continuation of external iliac artery as it passes the inguinal canal.
- Course: inguinal canal ⟶ Femoral triangle (formed by the serratius m. + Adductor muscle) ⟶ adductor canal ⟶(passes) Adductor hiatus above the knee ⟶(become) Popliteal artery. ↳ behind the knee.
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Branches
- Superficial branches
- Superficial epigastric art.
- runs to umbilicus
- S: Skin + superficial facia + superficial inguinal lymph nodes
- Superficial Circumflex iliac art. The smallest branch!
- runs to super. anter. iliac spine.
- " "
- Superficial External pudendal art.
- S: lower abdominal skin + penile, scrotal or labial skin
- Deep branches
- Deep femoral art. (Profunda femoris) = deep artery of the thingh 4 cm below inguinal ligament.
- 3 Perforating branche
- S: Post. muscles of the thigh
- lateral circumflex femoral. art.
- Ascending
- Transverse
- Descending
- Medial circumflex femoral art.
- Deep external pudendal art.
- S: Skin of perineum + Scrotum or labium majus.
- Descending Genicular artery
- medially.
- S: Knee joint.
- saphenus branch
- muscular branch
- at knee
- Femoral triangle: