Human Anatomy and Histology · MU Plovdiv

43. Kidneys. Nephron - microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Filtration barrier. Endocrine apparatus. Blood and nerve supply.

Inside: 13 sections · 16 labelled pictures · 1 table · 22 flashcards · 9 min

Topic 159 of 212 in the MU Plovdiv syllabus for Human Anatomy and Histology (Medicine, Years 1 and 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 12 sections, about 1,082 words (9 min of reading), with 22 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Introduction
  2. KIDNEY
  3. Kidney Segmentation:
  4. External structure:
  5. Functions
  6. Internal structure:
  7. Coviring of the kidney:
  8. Syntopy:
  9. Blood supply:
  10. Structure of hilum of kidney.
  11. Innervation:
  12. Histology:

Introduction

80-81

KIDNEY

  • There are 2 kidneys, one on each side, laying on the posterior abdominal wall (retroperitoneum). → so fixed.
  • Extend from T12 - L3 vertebrae. → right L1 - L3
  • Righ kidney is ½ inch lower than left kidney (because the presence of the liver in right side).
  • Dimensions: Length 12 x w. 6 x Thicknes 3
  • They are (bean shaped)
  • The left kidney is longer and more slender than the right kidney, as well as being nearer to the midline.

Kidney Segmentation:

↳ Based on Blood Supply

  1. Superior segment (segmentum superius) – is supplied by the superior segmental artery (a. segmenti superioris)
  2. Inferior segment (segmentum inferius) – is supplied by the inferior segmental artery (a. segmenti inferioris)
  3. Anterior superior segment (segmentum anterius superius) – is supplied by the anterior superior segmental artery (a. segmenti anterioris superioris)
  4. Anterior inferior segment (segmentum anterius inferius) – is supplied by the anterior inferior segmental artery (a. segmenti anterioris inferioris)
  5. Posterior segment (segmentum posterius) – is supplied by the posterior segmental artery (a. segmenti posterioris)

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