Anatomy · MU Sofia

CNS · 168.+169 Olfactory bulb and other olfactory structures.

Covers the rhinencephalon and its olfactory components: the olfactory bulb with its tufted and mitral cells and its input from receptor neurons, the olfactory tract, the anterior olfactory nucleus, and the anterior perforated substance with its perforating arteries. It then explains how the olfactory tract divides into lateral and medial striae, tracing the lateral stria to the piriform cortex, entorhinal cortex, hippocampal gyrus and amygdaloid complex, and the medial stria to the contralateral bulb via the anterior commissure and to the subcallosal gyrus.

Inside: 2 sections · 3 labelled pictures · 10 flashcards · 2 min

Topic 154 of 264 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Dental Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 2 sections, about 246 words (2 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.

In this note

  1. RHINENCEPHALON (olfactory brain)
  2. Components :

RHINENCEPHALON (olfactory brain)

  • The rhinencephalon is a part of the brain that is primarily involved in smell (olfaction)
  • It is part of the olfactory system

Components :

1. Olfactory Bulb :

tufted cells + mitral cells

  • Located above the nasal cavity
  • It recieves input from the olfactory receptor neurons via the olfactory n.

2. Olfactory Tract :

  • Is a bundle of nerve fibers that extends from the olfactory bulb to several regions of the brain
  • It carries processed olfactory information to higher brain centers.

3. Anterior Olfactory Nucleus :

  • The anterior olfactory nucleus is a small cluster of neurons located in the olfactory cortex, specifically in the olfactory peduncle (part of the basal forebrain).
  • It receives input from the olfactory bulb and is involved in the initial processing of olfactory information.

4. Anterior Perforated Substance :

  • It contains numerous small blood vessels (perforating arteries) that supply blood to the basal forebrain and other nearby structures.
  • The anterior perforated substance also contains neurons involved in regulating autonomic functions and integrating sensory information.

5. Medial and lateral Olfactory Stria.

  • The olfactory tract divided into medial & lateral stria.

lateral Stria (Root)

Supply the uncus & gives branches to :

  1. 1. Piriform cortex of the temporal lobe

(the 1° olfactory cortex)

Entorhinal cortex.

  1. 2. Hippocampal gyrus
  2. 3. Amygdaloid complex

Medial Stria (terminates in the contralateral olfactory bulb).

cross the midline via ant. commissure.

Supply:

  1. 1. Subcallosal gyrus
  2. 2. Ant. olfactory

which includes the piriform cortex, the amygdala, & the entorhinal cortex.

lat.

lat ora

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