Anatomy · MU Sofia

Histology · Large intestine

Covers the microscopic wall of the large intestine layer by layer: the mucosa, which lacks microvilli unlike the duodenum, the submucosa, the muscularis with its inner circular layer and the outer longitudinal layer reduced to three taeniae coli, and the serosa or adventitia depending on position. It also outlines the three main sections and the organ's main job of reabsorbing water and inorganic salts, with mucus as its only secretion of note.

Inside: 1 section · 4 labelled pictures · 12 flashcards · 1 min

Topic 257 of 264 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Dental Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 1 section, about 200 words (1 min of reading), with 12 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Introduction

Introduction

Microscopic Structure of the Wall of the Large Intestine

  • The large intestine shares a similar structural organization with other parts of the intestines but has distinctive features. Here's an organized overview:
  • 1. Mucosal Layer (Mucosa)
  • The inner mucosal layer lacks microvilli, in contrast to the duodenum.
  • 2. Submucosal Layer (Submucosa)
  • The mucosa is separated from the muscular layer by a connective tissue layer known as the submucosa.
  • 3. Muscular Layer (Muscularis)
  • This layer consists of:
  • An inner circular muscle layer.
  • An outer longitudinal muscle layer, which is not continuous but is reduced to three distinct bands known as the taeniae coli.
  • 4. Serosa and Adventitia
  • The intraperitoneal parts of the large intestine are covered by the visceral peritoneum, forming the serosa.
  • The retroperitoneal parts are anchored by the adventitia, which connects them to the connective tissue of the retroperitoneal space.
  • ● Large intestine constitutes the lower part of the digestive system ● Its divided into 3 main sections: cecum including appendix, colon and rectum with the anal canal ● Primary function: reabsorption of water and inorganic salts ● Only secretion of any importance is mucus→ acts as a lubricant during transport of intestinal contents
  • you can see the 4 layers

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