Anatomy · MU Sofia

Internal Organs+Glands · 83. Urinary bladder.

Covers the urinary bladder's position in adults and children, then its external parts such as the body, fundus, neck, apex and median umbilical ligament. Next it describes the internal structure, including the ureteric orifices, trigone, interureteric crest and uvula, followed by neighbouring organs, blood and lymph supply, innervation, and the ligaments and muscles that fix it and control its openings. A short histology section closes the note.

Inside: 10 sections · 6 labelled pictures · 10 flashcards · 6 min

Topic 76 of 264 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Dental Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 10 sections, about 788 words (6 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.

In this note

  1. URINARY BLADDER
  2. Position :
  3. External structures:
  4. Internal Structure:
  5. Syntopy:
  6. Vascular supply:
  7. Innervation:
  8. Fixation :-
  9. Muscles:
  10. Histology:

URINARY BLADDER

Subperitoneal

The urinary bladder is a muscular sac that expels and stores the urine.

Position :

In adults :

  • Empty bladder: occupies the lower anterior part of the pelvic cavity.
  • Full bladder: rises upwards into the abdomen and reaches the level of umbilicus.

In children

  • It is an abdominal organ.
  • It reaches the pelvis by the puberty .

External structures:

  1. 1 Body of bladder (corpus vesicae) – is covered by peritoneum
  2. 2 Fundus of bladder (fundus vesicae) – the bottom part of the bladder
  • in males, it is in close proximity to the prostate and rectum
  • in female, it is close to the vagina
  1. 3 Neck of bladder (cervix vesicae)
  • is located on the inferior surface of the bladder and is continuous with the urethra
  • in males, it prevents semen from flowing into the bladder during ejaculation
  1. 4 Apex of bladder (apex vesicae) – directed towards the pubic symphysis
  • in the empty bladder, it is located right behind the pubic symphysis
  • in the full bladder, it usually extends above the pubic symphysis
  1. 5 Median umbilical ligament (ligamentum umbilicale medianum)
  • a ligament extending from the apex of the bladder to the umbilicus on the anterior abdominal wall between the transversal fascia and parietal peritoneum

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