Introduces mechanics as the study of how bodies behave under forces, then covers the Cartesian coordinate system and radius vector, trajectory, velocity and acceleration as time derivatives, and force. It goes on to momentum and impulse, uniform and accelerated motion, Newton's three laws with memory aids, work, kinetic and potential energy and power, and the conservation laws for energy and momentum, including the two-body momentum equation.
Topic 2 of 42 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Physics (Dental Medicine, Year 1). The free AceMed note covers it in 10 sections, about 520 words (4 min of reading), with 27 flashcards.
In this note
Basic concepts
Velocity
Acceleration
Force
Impulse and momentum
Uniform and accelerated motions.
Newton's laws
Work, energy, power
Energy conservation law
Momentum conservation law.
Basic concepts
Mechanics is the study of the behaviour of physical bodies under the action of forces.
The Cartesian coordinate system, also known as the Cartesian frame, is a coordinate system that specifies each point uniquely in a plane by a pair of numerical coordinates, which are the signed distances to the point from two fixed perpendicular directed lines, measured in the same unit of length. A radius vector is a vector that points from the origin of the coordinate system to a point in space. The trajectory of a material point (MP) is the path that the MP follows as it moves through space.
Velocity
Velocity is the time derivative of the position vector of the MP.
Acceleration
Acceleration is the time derivative of the velocity vector of the MP.
Force
Forces are interactions that cause a change in the motion or shape of a body. They can be represented as vectors with magnitude and direction. There are various types of forces, including gravitational, electromagnetic, and nuclear forces.
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