Preclinical Paediatrics · MU Sofia

11. Histogenesis and anatomy of dental pulp.

Covers how the dental pulp develops from the dental papilla through the bud, cap, early bell and late bell stages, including the growth of its blood vessels and nerves. Describes the pulp's position within the crown and root, the split between coronal and root pulp, and the pulp-dentin complex. Ends with a labelled histology picture of the pulp's cell-free and cell-rich zones and its main cell types.

Inside: 2 sections · 2 labelled pictures · 16 flashcards · 6 min

Topic 11 of 40 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Preclinical Paediatrics (Dental Medicine, Year 3). The free AceMed note covers it in 2 sections, about 906 words (6 min of reading), with 16 flashcards.

In this note

  1. HISTOGENESIS AND ANATOMY OF DENTAL PULP
  2. Histology of the pulp

HISTOGENESIS AND ANATOMY OF DENTAL PULP

Dental Pulp is a connective tissue that is uniquely situated within the rigid encasement of mineralised dentin. Although dental pulp shares many properties with other connective tissues of the body, the peculiar location of the dental pulp gives it several unique characteristics on it

Histogenesis of Dental Pulp

  • Pulp is derived from mesenchyme and ectomesenchyme of the second element of the tooth germ, Formed from the dental papilla during the late bell stage
  • Development begins in the early stage of tooth bud when a cluster of undifferentiated mesodermal cells accumulates around the ectodermal ball of cells (tooth bud)
  • Connective tissue develops from the Somites in the form of migrating fibroblasts on all sides of neural tube
  • Somites formed by sclerotome, dermatome and myotome
  • Pulp begins to develop from a sclerotome, from which osteoblasts, chondroblasts and fibroblasts differentiate
  • Most critical developmental events are those guiding epithelial ectomesenchymal interactions, which involve molecular crosstalk between the ectoderm and ectomesenchyme, two tissues that have a different origin

Bud Stage

  • As dental lamina continues to grow and thicken to form a bud, cells of the ectomesenchyme proliferate and condense to form the dental papilla
  • At this stage, the inductive or tooth formatting potential is transferred from the dental epithelium to dental papilla

Cap Stage

  • At this stage, tooth bud assumes the shape of a cap that surrounded the dental papilla
  • Another layer of mesenchymal cells, called the dental follicle, separates the tooth organ papilla from the other connective tissues of the jaw
  • Enamel knot expresses a unique set of signalling molecules that influence both shape of crown and development of the dental papilla

Early Bell Stage

cardiovascular · angioblasts

Reciprocal exchange of molecular information between the dental organ and dental papilla influences the essential events that lead to cell differentiation at the late bell stage

  • Volume of dental papilla increases even more in parallel with increase in volume of enamel organ
  • Final cell differentiation of odontoblasts, sub-odontoblasts and fibroblasts is performed throughout the tissue
  • Cardiovascular system originates from angioblasts which arise from angiogenic clusters from the visceral mesoderm
  • These cells separate into clusters:
  • Outer cells organize into a series of elongated tubes
  • Inner cells become blood cells
  • Vascularisation of developing pulp starts during this stage with small branches from the main vascular trunks of the jaw entering the base of the papilla

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