Anatomy (CNS) · MU Sofia

179. Limbic functional system.

Covers the limbic system as a network of cortical and subcortical structures linked by white matter tracts, taking in turn the limbic lobe, hippocampal formation, amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus, septum and habenula. It then describes the roles of olfaction, memory and learning, and feeding, with the fornix and other connecting tracts. The Papez circuit is traced step by step, followed by its collateral branches.

Inside: 5 sections · 7 labelled pictures · 10 flashcards · 5 min

Topic 34 of 34 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (CNS) (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 5 sections, about 666 words (5 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.

In this note

  1. LIMBIC SYSTEM
  2. Structures :
  3. Functions :
  4. Connections between the limbic structures :
  5. The papez circit :

LIMBIC SYSTEM

→ Starts & terminate in hypocampus.

  • The limbic system is composed of several cortical and subcortical structures, that participate in a complex network of connections to regulate complicate behaviors such as memory, emotions, hemostatic functions and motivational state. (group of white & grey mater structures)

Structures :

  1. 1. Limbic lobe : 2 componants → BA 23,24,25,29,30,31
  • ↳ Cingulate gyrus (memory+emotions)
  • ↳ Parahippocampal gyrus (memory)
  1. 2. Hipocampal formation : (memmory).
  • Located within the medial temporal lobe.
  • Made up from :
  1. 1. Hippocampus (curved structures).
  • ↳ Converting short term memory to long term memory.
  1. 2. Dentate gyrus : lies between the parahippocampal gyrus & the hippocampus.
  2. 3. Subiculum : transitional area btw. the parahipocampal gyrus & the hipocampus.
  3. 3. Amygdala : (emotions & behaviour) of fear ← Inside the uncus gyrus
  • Is an almond-shaped structure. (The largest nucleus)
  • Consists of 3 nuclear regions :
  • large basolateral group
  • Small corticomedial group (olfaction).
  • ↳ Which includes the central nucleas.
  1. 4. Hypothalamus : located below the thalamus & above the pituitary gland.
  • Contains : Mammillary bodies
  1. 5. Thalamus : directing sensory info. to the appropiate areas"
  • Contains.
  • Ant. nucleus.
  • Medialodorsal nucleus.
  1. 6. Septum - beneath the rostal pt. of the corpus callosum
  2. 7. Habenula

* The efferent fibers arising from the hippocampus form a thin layer of white matter called alveus, which converge to form a bundle called fimbira wich becomes continous with the crus of the fornix.

  1. 3. Fornix : An arching band of white matter that connects the hypocampus to hypothalamus (mamillary bodies
  • ↳ Consists of 3 parts :
  1. 1. Crus - begins from the fimbria of hippocampus
  2. 2. Body - Below corpus callosum (behind the body is the fornix commisure)
  3. 3. (2) Ant. columns - end in mammilary bodies.

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