Anatomy (Topographic) · MU Sofia

266. Gluteal region.

Sets out the boundaries of the gluteal region and the concave look of its external surface, then covers the surface anatomy of skin, superficial and deep fascia and the cutaneous nerves. It goes on to describe the greater and lesser sciatic foramina and the suprapiriform and infrapiriform foramina, with their contents, followed by the vascular and muscular spaces, the obturator canal and the thigh compartments. Clinical points such as bursitis and palpable landmarks are included.

Inside: 11 sections · 7 labelled pictures · 15 flashcards · 8 min

Topic 33 of 40 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Topographic) (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 11 sections, about 1,108 words (8 min of reading), with 15 flashcards.

In this note

  1. GLUTEAL REGION
  2. Boundaries
  3. Clinical Significance:
  4. Surface Anatomy:
  5. Greater & lesser Sciatic foramina:
  6. Suprapiriform & Infrapiriform foramina:
  7. Muscular & Vascular Space (both gluteal & thigh regions)
  8. Obturator Canal: (for both gluteal & thigh regions)
  9. THIGH Region
  10. Boundaries :
  11. Divisions :

Boundaries

  1. 1. Superiorly: Crista iliaca.
  2. 2. Medially: Lateral margin of the sacrum and coccygeal bone.
  3. 3. Inferiorly: Sulcus glutealis.
  4. 4. Anteriorly: Line connecting spina iliaca anterior superior and trochanter major. of the Fumer bone.

External Surface:

  1. 1. Concave appearance due to underlying muscle size and fat content.

Clinical Significance:

  1. 1. Inflammation Encapsulation: Due to the firm sheath of m. gluteus maximus.
  2. 2. Palpable Landmarks for Diagnosis: Crista iliaca, spina iliaca anterior superior/inferior, trochanter major.
  3. 3. NVBs Significance: Important for surgical approaches and understanding vascular/nerve pathologies.
  4. 4. Bursitis: Common around trochanter major and tuber ischiadicum due to synovial bursae.

Surface Anatomy:

  1. 1. Skin:
  • Thick and rich in sebaceous glands.
  • Adipose tissue in lobules separated by transverse fibrous septa.
  1. 2. Superficial fascia:
  • Abundant adipose tissue, merging superiorly with massa adiposa lumboglutealis.
  • Minimal fat around tuber ischiadicum and trochanter major, replaced by fibrous tissue with synovial bursae.
  1. 3. Cutaneus nerves
  • Superior cluneal nerves: Emerge from crista iliaca and course inferiorly.
  • Middle cluneal nerves: Emerge at the medial border and course laterally.
  • Inferior cluneal nerves: Emerge from the inferior border of m. gluteus maximus and course upwards.
  1. 4. Deep fascia.
  2. 1. Superior extension: Fascia thoracolumbalis.
  3. 2. Inferior extension: Fascia lata of the thigh.
  4. 3. Layers:
  • Superficial layer: Covers mm. glutei maximus and medius, becoming an aponeurosis over m. gluteus medius.
  • Deep layer: Thin, lining the inner surface of m. gluteus maximus, forming its fascial sheath with fibrous septa.
  1. 5. Muscles :

The subperitoneal space communicates with the anterior compartment of the thigh through the vascular and muscular spaces, with the posterior compartment of the thigh through the greater and lesser sciatic foramina and with the medial compartment of the thigh through the obturator canal.

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