Covers the boundaries of the knee region and its two subdivisions, the anterior and posterior regions. The anterior region is described with the leg extended and muscles relaxed, moving through skin, superficial fascia with its bursae, deep fascia, and the musculotendinous layer with its retinacula, bursae and tendons. The posterior region section covers the layers of the popliteal fossa, its boundaries and contents, and a note on popliteal artery aneurysm, with a labelled picture.
Topic 36 of 40 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Topographic) (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 7 sections, about 680 words (5 min of reading), with 15 flashcards.
In this note
KNEE Region
Boundaries :
Subdivisions :
Anterior Knee Region
Musculotendinous layer :
Posterior knee Region :
Clinical Significance :
Boundaries :
Proximal Boundary:
Located two fingers’ width superior to the patella.
Distal Boundary:
Passes through the tuberositas tibiae.
Vertical Boundaries:
Two vertical lines passing through the epicondyles of the femur.
Subdivisions :
Regio Genus Anterior:
The anterior portion of the knee region.
Regio Genus Posterior:
The posterior portion of the knee region.
Anterior Knee Region
Extended Leg and Relaxed Muscles:
Patella produces a triangular elevation in the middle.
Slight depression above the patella corresponding to the tendon of m. quadriceps femoris.
Depression inferior to the patella corresponds to lig. patellae.
Elevation distal to the patella produced by tuberositas tibiae.
Skin:
Thick and movable in the middle, thinner and less movable on the sides.
Superficial Fascia:
Partially lamellar fibrous structure with scarcely distributed fat.
Thicker on the sides of the patella, with fibrous strands attaching to the aponeurotic layer.
Contains rr. cutanei anteriores of n. femoralis and n. infrapatellaris from n. saphenus.
V. saphena magna runs on the medial side, one finger’s width from the medial patella margin.
Contains subcutaneous synovial bursae:
Bursa subcutanea pre-patellaris (in front of the patella).
Bursa subcutanea infrapatellaris (in front of lig. patellae).
Bursa subcutanea tuberositas tibiae (in front of the tibial tuberosity).
Occasionally, another bursa at the medial epicondyle of the femur ("cavalier’s bursa").
Deep Fascia:
Continuation of fascia lata, fixed to tuberositas tibiae and caput fibulae.
Firmly attached to underlying tendons, except in front of the patella.
Loose connective tissue layer containing bursa subtas-cialis prepatellaris intervenes between tendons and patella.
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