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Medicine · Year 3 · MU Sofia

Microbiology

Microbiology is taught in Year 3 of the Medicine degree at the Medical University of Sofia, and its syllabus of 113 topics moves from the morphology of bacteria and fungi through bacterial physiology and genetics, antimicrobial chemotherapy and infection to a large immunology chapter. Special bacteriology and mycology forms the longest section, followed by virology and finally microbial ecology and clinical microbiology, organised by body system. AceMed has a note for every topic, about seven hours of reading in all, built around 479 labelled pictures and 184 tables that compare organisms, virulence factors, diagnostic tests and drugs. There are also 1,642 flashcards.

The full MU Sofia syllabus for Microbiology, Medicine, Year 3: 113 topics, every one with a free study note (7 hours of reading), and 1,642 flashcards. Updated 30 October 2026.

syllabus topics
113
free notes
113
flashcards
1,642
of reading
7 h
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Syllabus

The topics in the order of the MU Sofia syllabus. Each one with a note opens in AceMed once you're signed in.

Introduction. Morphology of bacteria and fungi 8 topics

  1. 1.Introduction to Medical Microbiology - History and Subject2 min · 15 cards
  2. 2. Bacterial Taxonomy: Classification, Nomenclature and Identification5 min · 14 cards
  3. 3. Bacterial Morphology3 min · 16 cards
  4. 4 – Bacterial Ultrastructure: Contrasting Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells and3 min · 15 cards
  5. 5-Bacterial Ultrastructure - Cell Wall, Structure and Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cell Wall.7 min · 14 cards
  6. 6. Bacterial Ultrastructure - Cytoplasmic Membrane, Cytoplasm, Nucleoid, etc3 min · 16 cards
  7. 7. Bacterial,Ultrastructure- Bacterial Spores4 min · 14 cards
  8. 8. Fungal Morphology and Structure5 min · 14 cards

Bacterial physiology and genetics 9 topics

  1. 9. Bacterial Physiology = Chemical Composition, Bacterial Metabolism, Bacterial Productivity.5 min · 12 cards
  2. 10. Bacterial Physiology - Bacterial Growth and Cell Division, Growth Factors.7 min · 16 cards
  3. 11. Effects of Chemical Factors on Mivrosorganism- Disinfection, Groups of Disinfectious and antiseptic agent.5 min · 14 cards
  4. 12. Effect of Physical Factors on Microorganism – Sterilisation & Sterilisation Methods6 min · 13 cards
  5. 13. Bacterial genetics. Carriers of genetic information: Bacterial chromosomes- Structure, replication and function:4 min · 13 cards
  6. 14. Bacterial genetics. Carriers of genetic information. Plasmids and transposable elements- Structure and function4 min · 15 cards
  7. 15. Bacterial Changeability: Mutations3 min · 13 cards
  8. 16. Bacterial changeability. Recombination and Mechanism of DNA transfer between bacterial cells.5 min · 15 cards
  9. 17. Bacterial Genetics: Genetic engineering, DNA cloning, application of cloned DNA in molecular- Biological Genetic Methods in Diagnostics5 min · 13 cards

Antimicrobial chemotherapy 4 topics

  1. 18. Antimicrobial Chemotherapy: General principles, Types of Antimicrobial Agents according to their Mechanism of Action, Adverse reaction6 min · 16 cards
  2. 19.Antibacterial Agents- Cell Wall synthesis inhibitors, Mechanism of action and resistance3 min · 15 cards
  3. 20. Antibacterial Agents - Protein and Nucleic acids Synthesis inhibitors, mechanism of action and resistance6 min · 15 cards
  4. 21. Antiviral and Antifungal agents7 min · 15 cards

Infection 4 topics

  1. 22. Infection and Infectious Disease. Interactions between Host and Microorganisms. Forms of Infection.6 min · 15 cards
  2. 23. Infection- Role of Microorganisms in the Infectious Process8 min · 15 cards
  3. 24.Reservoirs of Causative Agents, Sources of Infections and Mechanisms for Spreading the Infectious Agents.6 min · 13 cards
  4. 25.Pathogenesis of Infectious Process -Development, Infectious Dose,3 min · 14 cards

Immunology 21 topics

  1. 26. Immunity, Immunity as a Biological Phenomenon and Types of Immunity5 min · 12 cards
  2. 27. Natural Resistance.5 min · 15 cards
  3. 28 - Natural Resistance5 min · 12 cards
  4. 29: Natural Resistance - Cellular Factors2 min · 14 cards
  5. 30 Acquired Immunity,7 min · 14 cards
  6. 31. Antigens structure and properties. Antigenic structure of microorganisms.4 min · 14 cards
  7. 32: Antibodies (Immunoglobulins)7 min · 14 cards
  8. 33. Immune system5 min · 15 cards
  9. 34. Immune response3 min · 13 cards
  10. 35. Cell-mediated immunity6 min · 14 cards
  11. 36. Protective mechanisms in infectious diseases,5 min · 14 cards
  12. 37: Protective mechanisms in infectious diseases5 min · 14 cards
  13. 38. Antigen-antibody reaction2 min · 14 cards
  14. 39. Antigen-antibody reaction3 min · 14 cards
  15. 40: Antigen-antibody reaction4 min · 14 cards
  16. 41. Immune Reactions Employing the Complementary System6 min · 15 cards
  17. 42. Immune reactions with labeled antibodies.3 min · 15 cards
  18. 43. Immunopathology. Allergies (hypersensitivity reactions). Mechanism of Rapid and delayed type hypersensitivity reactions.4 min · 13 cards
  19. 44. Immunopathology. Autoimmune reactions and diseases. Role of hypersensitivity reactions (rapid and delayed reactions) in autoimmune diseases.4 min · 13 cards
  20. 45. Immuno-prophylaxis and immunotherapy. Vaccines. Immunization schedules.6 min · 13 cards
  21. 46. Immuno-prophylaxis and immunotherapy, Immune sera and other antibody-containing preparations and Immunomodulators4 min · 14 cards

Special bacteriology and mycology 39 topics

  1. 47. Staphylococci (genus Staphylococcus)4 min · 14 cards
  2. 48. Group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes)4 min · 15 cards
  3. 49. Group B, C, D & G streptococci. Streptococcus viridians group. Genus Enterococcus4 min · 14 cards
  4. 50. Streptococcus pneumoniae4 min · 14 cards
  5. 51. Neisseria meningitidis4 min · 16 cards
  6. 52. Neisseria gonorrhoeae4 min · 15 cards
  7. 53. Order Enterobacterales. Genus Escherichia. E. coli6 min · 14 cards
  8. 54. Genus Salmonella. Causative agents of typhoid and paratyphoid diseases.3 min · 15 cards
  9. 55. Genus Salmonella. Causative agents of food toxicoinfections.3 min · 15 cards
  10. 56. Genus Shigella.3 min · 16 cards
  11. 57. Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia (K-E-S group).3 min · 13 cards
  12. 58. Genera Proteus, Providencia & Morganella.4 min · 12 cards
  13. 59. Yersinia pestis.3 min · 15 cards
  14. 60. Yersinia enterocolitica.3 min · 15 cards
  15. 61. Vibrio cholerae. Aeromonas hydrophila.3 min · 14 cards
  16. 62. Haemophilus influenzae. Moraxella catrrhalis.4 min · 13 cards
  17. 63. Bordetella pertussis.2 min · 14 cards
  18. 64. Genus Brucella. Genus Francisella.3 min · 16 cards
  19. 65. Family Legionellaceae.3 min · 15 cards
  20. 66. Genus Pseudomonas. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.3 min · 14 cards
  21. 67. Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria: genera Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas & Burkhold3 min · 15 cards
  22. 68. Genus Corynebacterium. C. diphtheria, etc. corynebacteria3 min · 14 cards
  23. 69. Genus Listeria - L. monocytogenes2 min · 14 cards
  24. 70. Family Mycobacteriaceae: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, etc. causative agents of tuberculosis4 min · 15 cards
  25. 71. Anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria. Pathogenesis, clinics, microbiological diagnosis3 min · 15 cards
  26. 72. Genus Actinomyces.3 min · 16 cards
  27. 73. Genus Bacillus - B. anthracis.4 min · 16 cards
  28. 74. Genus Clostridium - C. tetani.3 min · 16 cards
  29. 75. Clostridia causing gas gangrene.3 min · 16 cards
  30. 76. Clostridium botulinum. Clostridioides difficile.3 min · 15 cards
  31. 77. Family Spirochaetaceae. Genus Treponema - T. pallidum.3 min · 15 cards
  32. 78. Genus Borrelia. Causative agents of recurrent typhus. Causative agents of Lyme borreliosis.4 min · 15 cards
  33. 79. Genus Leptospira4 min · 14 cards
  34. 80. Genus Campylobacter4 min · 13 cards
  35. 81. Genus Helicobacter4 min · 14 cards
  36. 82. Genus Mycoplasma. Ureaplasma urealyticum3 min · 14 cards
  37. 83. Genus Chlamydia3 min · 15 cards
  38. 84. Genus Rickettsia, Genus Caxiella.4 min · 16 cards
  39. 85. Pathogenic fungi. Candida. Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, Aspergillus, etc4 min · 16 cards

Virology 16 topics

  1. 86. Viruses – Nature and Properties4 min · 15 cards
  2. 87. Family Picornaviridae – Poliovirus and Other Enteroviruses3 min · 16 cards
  3. 88. Family Orthomyxoviridae – Influenza Virus3 min · 14 cards
  4. 89. Family Paramyxoviridae – Measles, Mumps, Parainfluenza and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses7 min · 16 cards
  5. 90. Family Coronaviridae – SARS Virus3 min · 14 cards
  6. 91. Family Reoviridae - Genus Rotavirus. Genus Norovirus.3 min · 15 cards
  7. 92. Arboviruses – Causative Agents of Significant Arboviral Infections3 min · 15 cards
  8. 93. Rubella Virus & Zika Virus4 min · 13 cards
  9. 94. Family Rhabdoviridae – Rabies Virus3 min · 15 cards
  10. 95. Family Retroviridae – HIV-1 and HIV-24 min · 15 cards
  11. 96. Family Adenoviridae | Genus Papillomavirus | Genus Polyomavirus4 min · 15 cards
  12. 97. Family Herpesviridae – Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV-1, HSV-2) & Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)4 min · 14 cards
  13. 98. Family Herpesviridae – Human Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus3 min · 16 cards
  14. 99. Family Poxviridae – Variola Virus (Smallpox Virus)2 min · 15 cards
  15. 100. Human Hepatitis Viruses: A, B, C, D, E, G3 min · 15 cards
  16. 101. Bacteriophages3 min · 14 cards

Microbial ecology and clinical microbiology 12 topics

  1. 102. Microbes in the Environment. Sanitary-Indicative Microorganisms.3 min · 14 cards
  2. 103. Human Microbiota – Physiological Significance and Etiological Role3 min · 16 cards
  3. 104. Role of Human Microbiota: Physiological & Harmful Effects, Iatrogenic3 min · 15 cards
  4. 105. Microbiological Aspects of Respiratory Tract Infections3 min · 15 cards
  5. 106. Microbiological Aspects of Infections of the Cardiovascular System3 min · 14 cards
  6. 107. Microbiological Aspects of Central Nervous System (CNS) Infections3 min · 16 cards
  7. 108. Microbiological Aspects of Skin, Wound, Muscle, Joint, and Bone3 min · 16 cards
  8. 109. Microbiological Aspects of Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)3 min · 15 cards
  9. 110. Microbiological Aspects of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)2 min · 16 cards
  10. 111. Microbiological Aspects of Gastrointestinal Tract Infections2 min · 16 cards
  11. 112. Microbiological Aspects of Infections in Immunocompromised Patients2 min · 15 cards
  12. 113. Microbiological Aspects of Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs)2 min · 14 cards

Other Year 3 subjects

  • Genetics65 notes
  • Internal Medicine (Practical)30 notes
  • Internal Medicine (Theory)58 notes
  • Pharmacology93 notes

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