Major diseases- definition, criteria, trends of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Global burden of diseases. (1/2)
Changes in pattern of morbidity in 20th century:
Dramatic increase in life expectancy achieved during the 20th century, combined with profound changes in lifestyle is leading to global epidemic of chronic diseases.
These chronic diseases are responsible for half of 52 million or so deaths that occur every year. In industrialized countries, infectious diseases are under control where as in developing countries if an ndividual do manage to survive an infectious disease in childhood he’ll be exposed to a non-infectious disease later in life. The changing pattern of morbidity as well as health is called double pattern.
Where about, on one hand- an individual is in danger of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria, and on the other hand in under the growing shadow of new non-infectious chronic diseases.
Criteria for socially major disease:
- 1)High level of death rate and unfavorable dynamics, especially within people in activate age
- 2)High proportion in the structure of cause of death within the whole population and especially within active people.
- 3)High level of incidence and prevalence and unfavorable dynamics of these indicators.
- 4)High proportion in structure of:
- -General incidence and prevalence
- -Incidence with temporary disability
- -Primary permanent disability
- -Hospitalized incidence
- 5)High proportion in structure of expenditures for hospital care and rehabilitation.
- 6)Significant social, medical, economical and psychological damages for patients and their family.
- 7)Have burden on public funds and social services
Estimates of socially significant diseases in the world for 2020:
The estimated ranking of diseases as cause of death in 2020 is:
- 1)Ischemic Heart Disease
- 2)Cerebrovascular Disease
- 3)Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- 4)Lower respiratory infections
- 5)Cancer