Covers the tongue's role in taste, swallowing and speech, then its apex, root, body and two surfaces. Goes on to its arterial supply and venous drainage, the ventral and dorsal surfaces, and the division of the dorsum by the sulcus terminalis into oral and pharyngeal parts. Closes with the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles, set out in a table giving origin, insertion, innervation and function for each.
Topic 47 of 236 in the MU Pleven syllabus for Anatomy Bones and Muscles (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 4 sections, about 286 words (4 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.
In this note
TONGUE
Blood Supply:
Surfaces of the tongue:
Musculature of the tongue:
TONGUE
The tongue is a muscular organ covered by mucous membrane. It is concerned with taste, deglutition, and speech.
It has apex, root, body, and 2 surfaces (dorsal and ventral).
Apex: is directed anteriorly touching the lower incisor teeth.
Root: is attached to mandible and hyoid bone.
Ventral (inferior) surface: is smooth.
Dorsal surface: is rough.
Blood Supply:
→ Atrial Supply
By lingual artery, through 2 branches (on each side)
1. Deep lingual branch: anterior part.
2. Dorsal lingual br: posterior part.
→ Venous Drainage:
by 2 veins (in each side)
1. Deep lingual v.
2. Dorsal lingual v.
Surfaces of the tongue:
▶ Ventral Surface:
It shows the following:
✓ Frenulum lingue: formed by the mucosa in the median plane between the tongue and floor of the mouth.
✓ Deep lingual vein: on either sides of the frenulum.
✓ Fimbriated fold: plica fimbriata lateral to the deep lingual vein.
▶ Dorsal Surfaces:
It is divided by V-shaped sulcus terminalis into anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3.
✓ The apex of the sulcus: is directed posteriorly. It is marked by foramen caecum (?).
✓ Anterior 2/3 are called:oral part of the tongue.
✓ Posterior 1/3 is called:pharyngeal part of the tongue.
✓ Anterior 2/3:
↳ Called the oral part (anterior to palatoglossal arches).
↳ Develops from 1st pharyngeal arch.
↳ Thick & rough (has papillae)
✓ Posterior 1/3
↳ Called pharyngeal part.
↳ Develops from 4th pharyngeal arches.
↳ Thin & smooth
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