Anatomy Bones and Muscles · MU Pleven

63. External nose. Nasal cavity . Paranasal sinus

Covers the external nose, its bony and cartilaginous framework, and its arterial, venous, lymphatic and nerve supply, followed by the nasal cavity: its divisions into vestibule, respiratory and olfactory regions, the boundaries of its roof, floor and walls, the three meatuses, and its neighbouring structures. Closes with the paranasal sinuses, their drainage openings, and the nasolacrimal duct.

Inside: 19 sections · 16 labelled pictures · 10 flashcards · 8 min

Topic 62 of 236 in the MU Pleven syllabus for Anatomy Bones and Muscles (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 19 sections, about 1,118 words (8 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.

In this note

  1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
  2. The respiratory system :
  3. The air passages
  4. Development of the Respiratory System :
  5. NOSE
  6. External anatomy of the nose :
  7. Structure (when we remove the skin)
  8. Supply and innervation :
  9. Histology
  10. NASAL CAVITY
  11. ➢ The nasal cavity:
  12. Boundaries of each half of the nasal cavity:
  13. Lateral wall structure :
  14. Meatus of the lateral wall:
  15. Syntopy :
  16. Vascular supply
  17. Histology:
  18. Innervation.
  19. PARA NASAL SINUSES

The respiratory system :

  • Fundamental for gas exchange via negative pressure breathing.
  • Consists of a conduction portion (respiratory tract) and a respiratory portion (lungs)
  • Involved in voice formation (larynx) and olfactory (nasal cavity)

The air passages

Upper respiratory tract

  • 1 Nasal cavity (cavitas nasi)
  • 1.1 Paranasal sinuses (sinus para
  • 2 Pharynx
  • 2.1 Nasopharynx (pars nasalis ph
  • 2.2 Oropharynx (pars oralis phar
  • 2.3 Laryngopharynx or hypophar (pars laryngea pharyngis)

Lower respiratory tract

  • 3 Larynx
  • 4 Trachea
  • 5 Bronchi
  • 6 Lungs (pulmones)

→ has:

  • Respiratory bronchioles
  • Alveolar ducts
  • Alveolar ducts
  • Multiple alveoli

Development of the Respiratory System :

  • Begins at about the middle of the 4th week
  • Develops from both endoderm & mesoderm.
  • Steps :
  • 4th week: a respiratory diverticulum outgrowth from the ventral wall of the foregut
  • The diverticulum expand ventrally & caudally. & eventually separates from the foregut, forming the esophagus.
  • The diverticulum forms distally lung bud & the rest forms the trachea
  • The lung bud bifurcates into right & left primary bronchial buds
  • 5th week: the 1° bronchial buds gives rise to 2° then to 3° bronchial buds ⋮

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