88. Endocrine pancreas. Gastro-entero-pancreatic system
Explains the endocrine pancreas as clusters of islets of Langerhans, mainly concentrated in the tail, and covers their blood supply and drainage from the splenic and celiac vessels. It then describes the islet cell types (alpha, beta, delta, PP and D1) with the hormones each secretes. The note closes with the gastro-entero-pancreatic system, listing gastric endocrine cells (G and D) and enteroendocrine cells (I and S) and their hormones, plus a second look at pancreatic vascular supply.
Topic 87 of 236 in the MU Pleven syllabus for Anatomy Bones and Muscles (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 9 sections, about 252 words (2 min of reading), with 10 flashcards.
In this note
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS.
Vasculation
Structure
GASTRO-ENTERO-PANCREATIC
Endocrine system
Gastric Endocrine Cells :
Enteroendocrine cells :
Pancreatic Islets ↑↑
Vasculation:
ENDOCRINE PANCREAS.
The endocrine component of the pancreas is composed of clusters of endocrine cells called islets of Langerhans.
The islets of Langerhans are distributed throughout the pancreas, with the highest density in the pancreatic tail.
Vasculation
Arterial supply:
Pancreatic Arteries: from splenic art → from celiac trunk
Islet Arteries → branches of pancreatic arteries.
Islet Capillaries.
Venous Drainage:
Pancreatic vein into the hepatic portal v.
Structure
Fibrous capsule.
2. α -cells :
Found in the periphery of islets.
Secrete glucagon hormone, increases blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen.
3. β cells : the main component of the islet.
produce insulin.
4. Delta cells: few number.
in the periphery of islets.
release somatostatin.
5. PP cells (Pancreatic polypeptides)
release pancreatic polypeptide. helps regulate appetite and digestive processes.
