Covers the four heart chambers and the interatrial and interventricular septa, then the internal structure of each atrium and ventricle, including the pectinate muscles, crista terminalis, fossa ovalis and the openings of the venae cavae and pulmonary veins. The second half describes the cuspidate and semilunar valves, their cusps, commissures and sinuses of Valsalva.
Topic 89 of 236 in the MU Pleven syllabus for Anatomy Bones and Muscles (Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 7 sections, about 804 words (6 min of reading), with 15 flashcards.
In this note
HEART CHAMBERS
Septum:
Right atrium:
Left atrium
Right ventricle.
Left ventricle:
VALVES
HEART CHAMBERS
The heart consists of 4 chambers (2 atria + 2 ventricles)
The blood returning to the heart enter the atrium, and then the valves open due to the pressure, the blood is forced into the ventricles and then the blood is pushed through into the artery.
Septum:
Cardiac septa
5 Interatrial septum (septum interatriale) – a thin septum separating the right and left atria
6 Interventricular septum (septum interventriculare) – a thick septum separating the right and left ventricles
6.1 Membranous part (pars membranacea) – the superior thin fibrous part between the inflow tract of the right ventricle and the outflow tract of the left ventricle
6.1.1 Atrioventricular septum (septum atrioventriculare) – part of the membranous part of interventricular septum, between the right atrium and the outflow tract of the left ventricle
6.2 Muscular part (pars muscularis) – the inferior thick muscular part
has 2 portions:
→ Anteriorly (separating the 2 ventricles)
→ Posteriorly (separating the right atrium & pulmonary trunk).
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