RECTUM
- Begins as a continuation of the sigmoid colon (at S3 vertebra) and ends one inch bellow the coccyx (as it gives the anal canal)
- Its lack of feature of the wall of large intestine (haustra, taenia coli and omental appendices)
- Length 12 - 15 cm.
Syntopy:
Dorsally, in both sexes: sacral vertebrae III–V, coccyx
Laterally, in both sexes: pararectal fossae, levator ani
Ventrally, in male:
- oral part: urinary bladder, seminal glands, rectovesical excavation of Proust
- aboral part: urinary bladder, seminal glands, ductus deferens, prostate
Ventrally, in female:
- oral part: uterus, vagina, rectouterine excavation of Douglas
- aboral part: vagina, perineal muscles
Rectal flexure:
- (2) Antro- Posterior
- Sacral: concave anteriorly
- perineal: at recto - anal junction. it is convex anteriorly
The lower part of the rectum is dilated forming ampulla
- (3) lateral
- Inferior & Superior both are concave to the left
- Midde: is concave to the right.
Peritoneum of the rectum
- Upper 1/3 coverd by peritoneum from anterior and both sids.
- Middle 1/3 covered by peritonuem only from the anterior aspect.
- lower 1/3 not covered by the peritoneum.