Anatomy · MU Sofia

Topographic · 274. Heel Region

Covers the heel region in three parts: posterior, medial and lateral. The posterior section describes the Achilles tendon, its fossae, the bursa, the rete calcaneum and skin and fascia, along with the tendon sheaths. The medial and lateral sections list the boundaries and contents of the tarsal tunnel and the retromalleolar spaces, with a mnemonic for the structures in front of the medial malleolus and a mnemonic for the tarsal tunnel contents. Ends with clinical notes on tarsal tunnel syndrome, heel spurs and bursitis.

Inside: 7 sections · 5 labelled pictures · 15 flashcards · 4 min

Topic 246 of 264 in the MU Sofia syllabus for Anatomy (Dental Medicine, Year 2). The free AceMed note covers it in 7 sections, about 558 words (4 min of reading), with 15 flashcards.

In this note

  1. Introduction
  2. HEEL REGION
  3. Subdivisions :
  4. Posterior Region :
  5. Medial Region :
  6. Lateral Region :
  7. Clinical Significance

Subdivisions :

  1. 1. Posterior Part
  2. 2. Medial Part
  3. 3. Lateral Part

Posterior Region :

  • Achilles Tendon: A major structure forming a prominent landmark in the posterior part.
  • Fossa Retromalleolaris Medialis: Located adjacent to the Achilles tendon on the medial side.
  • Fossa Retromalleolaris Lateralis: Located adjacent to the Achilles tendon on the lateral side.
  1. 1. Bursa Tendinis Calcanei: Located between the tuber calcanei and the distal portion of the Achilles tendon.
  2. 2. Rete Calcaneum:
  • An arterial network formed by branches from a. peronea and a tibialis posterior.
  • Contains a subcutaneous network of venous vessels, along with twigs from n. suralis and n. tibialis.
  1. 1. Skin: Thin and movable.
  2. 2. Superficial Fascia: Sparse, containing small venous vessels that drain towards the v. saphenae.
  3. 3. Venous and Nerve Supply:
  • Small Venous Vessels: Draining towards the v. saphenae.
  • Nerve Twigs: From n. suralis.

4.Sheaths of the Achilles Tendon

  1. 1. Superficial Fascial Sheath: Derived from the two layers of the fascia cruris.
  2. 2. Deep Sheath:
  • Posterior Aspect: Fascial.
  • Anterior Aspect: Loose connective tissue, filling the space anterior to the Achilles tendon.
  • Superiorly: Merges with the fascial space of the leg.
  • Anteriorly: Communicates with the fascial spaces of the foot via tissues surrounding the NVB (neurovascular bundle).

273 cont.

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