Medicine · Year 1 · MU Plovdiv
Biophysics
The full MU Plovdiv syllabus for Biophysics, Medicine, Year 1: 30 topics, 21 topics with a free study note (85 minutes of reading), and 393 flashcards. Updated 10 November 2026.
- syllabus topics
- 30
- free notes
- 21
- flashcards
- 393
- of reading
- 85 min
Syllabus
The topics in the order of the MU Plovdiv syllabus. Each one with a note opens in AceMed once you're signed in.
- 1. Thermodynamic systems and processes. First principle of thermodynamic. Application in biological systems.4. Biothermodynamics - basics: basic concepts. First law of thermodynamics, internal energy. Second law of thermodynamics, entropy3 min · 15 cards
- 2. Secondary principle of thermodynamic. Entropy. Free energy.5. Biothermodynamics - potentials: entropy as a measure of disorder and probability. Third law. Thermodynamic potentials - definitions, changes, consequences2 min · 15 cards
- 3. Application of the secondary thermodynamic principle in biological objects. Equation of Prigogine.7. The entropy in open systems: validity of the laws of thermodynamics in living systems. The change of entropy in an open system. Steady state and thermodynamic equilibrium · 8. Fundamentals of nonequilibrium biothermodynamics: linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics - generalized fluxes and driving forces. Flux conjugation criteria. A steady state close to equilibrium5 min · 26 cards
- 4. Biological membranes. Common features. Construction of the lipid molecules. Organization of the membrane.9. Biomembranes - composition, types and functions. Membrane lipids: subject and importance of biological membranology, types of membranes. Functions and basic chemical composition of biomembranes. Membrane phospholipids, glycolipids and cholesterol3 min · 15 cards
- 5. Membrane proteins and glycoproteins. Localization of the membrane carbohydrates10. Membrane proteins and models: membrane proteins and glycoproteins - functions, localization and binding. Membrane models and methods of investigation of biomembranes. The erythrocyte membranes2 min · 14 cards
- 6. Mobility of the membrane components.Being written
- 7. Phase transitions in the biological membranes.12. Properties and phase behavior of membranes: phase transition in the lipid bilayers. Lamellar and nonlamellar liquid crystal phases. Mobility of the membrane components - lateral and transversal diffusion2 min · 15 cards
- 8. Gradients. Chemical, concentration and electric potential. Electrochemical potential. Equations potentials.Being written
- 9. Diffusion, trans-diffusion, osmosis and filtration.16. Membrane transport 2: free diffusion of ions - the Nernst-Planck equation, dimensionless potential. Non-free diffusion through a pored membrane · 17. Membrane transport 3: osmosis and filtration. Dialysis and hemodialysis. Water exchange through membranes and between blood and tissues5 min · 29 cards
- 10. Passive transport. Eased and exchanged diffusion.18. Membrane transport 4: facilitated diffusion. Ionophores - mobile carriers (valinomycin) and channel-forming carriers (gramicidin A). Principles of action, molecular structure and selectivity3 min · 13 cards
- 11. Ionophores. Ion channels.18. Membrane transport 4: facilitated diffusion. Ionophores - mobile carriers (valinomycin) and channel-forming carriers (gramicidin A). Principles of action, molecular structure and selectivity · 22. Action potential: nature, formation, propagation. The Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Ion channels - model structure, effects of toxins and drugs7 min · 29 cards
- 12. Active transport. Model of sodium – potassium pump. Calcium pump.19. Membrane transport 5: active transport. Sodium-potassium pump and calcium pump - importance, role of ATP, molecular structure and model of action. Types of active transport with examples3 min · 14 cards
- 13. Diffusion potential. Bernstein’s and Goldman’s equation. Permeability and conductivity. Potential of a rest condition.20. Biopotentials - basics: diffusion, equilibrium (Nernst) and Donnan potentials - conditions and mechanisms of generation, dependencies on concentration and time · 21. Resting potential: origin of the resting potential - theories. Goldman equation. The effect of electrogenic pump. Resting potential components4 min · 27 cards
- 14. Action potential of nerve cells.22. Action potential: nature, formation, propagation. The Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Ion channels - model structure, effects of toxins and drugs4 min · 16 cards
- 15. Membrane current at the time of the excitation.Being written
- 16. Ion theory of the excitation. Theory of Hodgkin and Huxley.22. Action potential: nature, formation, propagation. The Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Ion channels - model structure, effects of toxins and drugs4 min · 16 cards
- 17. Refractory period. Following potentials. Accommodation.Being written
- 18. Propagation of the action potential. Electrotonic potential. Mechanism of conduction. Speed of spreading.22. Action potential: nature, formation, propagation. The Hodgkin-Huxley equations. Ion channels - model structure, effects of toxins and drugs4 min · 16 cards
- 19. Bioelectrical activity of the excitable tissues.Being written
- 20. Structure and mechanical characteristics of striated muscles.11. Skeletal muscle. Mechanism of muscle contraction.6 min · 25 cards
- 21. Types of muscle contraction. Temporary characteristics of single muscle contraction. 2+12. Types of muscle contraction8 min · 20 cards
- 22. Contracting mechanisms by striated muscles. The role of the Ca.11. Skeletal muscle. Mechanism of muscle contraction.6 min · 25 cards
- 23. Propagation of the excited process. Electromechanical connection. 2+Being written
- 24. Smooth muscles structure. Mechanism of smooth muscles contraction. The role of the Ca. Phasic and tonic contractions.13. Smooth muscle5 min · 16 cards
- 25. Comparative characteristic between smooth muscle and striated muscle contractions.Being written
- 26. Double electrical layer. Electrokinetic potential, dependence on the pH of the medium.23. Surface electric charge of cells and tissues. Electrokinetic phenomena: origin of the surface electric charge - double electric layer and potential distribution. Stability of charged particle suspensions. Electrophoretic mobility - dependence on pH and ionic strength. Types of electrophoresis3 min · 15 cards
- 27. Electrical permeability of the tissue for constant current. Polarization. Types.24. Passive electric properties of cells and tissues: electroconductivity of cells and tissues for DC and AC. Types of polarization of dielectrics and heterogeneous systems. Electroporation and electrofusion. Impedance and dispersion of the dielectric permittivity. Applications in medicine3 min · 16 cards
- 28. Impedance. Dispersion of the dielectric permittivity. Application of the method in the biology and in the medicine.24. Passive electric properties of cells and tissues: electroconductivity of cells and tissues for DC and AC. Types of polarization of dielectrics and heterogeneous systems. Electroporation and electrofusion. Impedance and dispersion of the dielectric permittivity. Applications in medicine3 min · 16 cards
- 29. Application of the constant current and low frequencies impulses in clinical practice.Being written
- 30. Application of the alternating current and electromagnetic fields in biological objects.Being written
Biophysics at other universities
MU Sofia, Dental Medicine26 notes- MU Sofia, Medicine30 notes
Other Year 1 subjects
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- Human Anatomy and Histology197 notes
- Human Biology54 notes
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- Physics23 notes
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