Dental Medicine · Year 3 · MU Sofia
Hygiene and Epidemiology
Hygiene and Epidemiology is taught in Year 3 of the Dental Medicine degree at the Medical University of Sofia, and its syllabus runs through 21 topics. It begins with environmental health: physical factors of the environment, global ecological problems and air pollution, thermal comfort and drinking water quality, then dental hygiene and healthful housing. Nutrition takes up the middle, from proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals to foods of animal and vegetable origin, food-related and foodborne diseases and food surveillance. Occupational medicine and the hygiene of children close the syllabus. AceMed has a note for every topic, about an hour of reading in all, with 71 labelled pictures, two tables and 587 flashcards.
The full MU Sofia syllabus for Hygiene and Epidemiology, Dental Medicine, Year 3: 21 topics, every one with a free study note (62 minutes of reading), and 587 flashcards. Updated 2 November 2026.
- syllabus topics
- 21
- free notes
- 21
- flashcards
- 587
- of reading
- 62 min
Syllabus
The topics in the order of the MU Sofia syllabus. Each one with a note opens in AceMed once you're signed in.
- 1. Introduction to environmental health and hygiene. Hygiene as a main prophylactic branch in medicine. Medical ecology.1. Hygiene and Ecology – subject, goals, tasks, methodology, and methods. Applied ecology and environmental protection.2 min · 15 cards
- 2. Hygienic characteristic of physical factors of the atmosphere. Climate and weather.3. Physical factors of the atmosphere and their combined effects on the human body. Thermoregulation and prevention of thermal discomfort. · 4. Impact of the weather and climate on public health. Acclimatization. Climate prevention and climatotherapy.3 min · 25 cards
- 3. Global ecological problems. Air pollution.2. Structure and composition of the atmosphere. Air pollution. Self-purification. · 10. Plastics. Microplastics. Effects on health and the environment.8 min · 29 cards
- 4. Thermal comfort – definition; main indices used to express thermal comfort and heat stress. General approaches to measurement of temperature, humidity and air velocity. Physiological methods for thermal comfort evaluation. Health effects of unfavourable thermal environment.5. Microclimate. Influence of the microclimate elements on human work capacity and health. · 3. Physical factors of the atmosphere and their combined effects on the human body. Thermoregulation and prevention of thermal discomfort.2 min · 24 cards
- 5. Surveillance of drinking water quality. Water quality – criteria and standards. Water sampling for physical, chemical and bacteriological examination. Purification of water. Disinfection of water. Water pollution.7. Water – hygienic, health, and ecological significance. Hygienic requirements for the quality of drinking water. · 8. Hygienic evaluation of water purification and disinfection methods. Water pollution and selfpurification. · 6. Water supply in settlements. Hygienic characteristics of water sources and supply systems. Sanitary and hygienic protection of water sources.8 min · 47 cards
- 6. Dental hygiene. Criteria for healthful housing. Housing standards. Methods for hygienic assessment of heating, lighting and ventilation.12. Household hygiene. Factors of the residential environment. · 14. Healthcare facilities. Basic hygienic requirements for their planning and layout. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections.2 min · 26 cards
- 7. Food, nutrition and diet therapy. Nutritional problems in public health. Main principles of healthful nutrition.40. Specifics of modern human nutrition. Nutrition- and food-related diseases – classification. Principles of healthy nutrition. · 38. Basic principles of therapeutic nutrition. Enteral and parenteral nutrition.2 min · 30 cards
- 8. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Nutritional assessment, requirements, functions, sources.23. Role and importance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in human nutrition. Dietary fibers. · 26. Energy expenditure and caloric value of food.4 min · 28 cards
- 9. Vitamins and minerals. Nutritional assessment, requirements, functions, sources.24. Role and importance of vitamins, minerals and microelements in human nutrition.2 min · 11 cards
- 10. Food from animal origin. Nutritional assessment, requirements, functions, sources.27. Hygienic significance of milk, dairy products and eggs. · 28. Importance of meat, fish and their products. Dietary fats. Assessment and hygienic requirements.6 min · 30 cards
- 11. Food from vegetable origin. Nutritional assessment, requirements, functions, sources.29. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts. Their importance in human nutrition. Confectionery products. · 30. Biological and hygienic characteristics of cereal foods and grain-based products.3 min · 29 cards
- 12. Food-connected diseases. Food pollution.42. Diseases from chemically contaminated foods. Harmful impurities in food products. · 43. Non-microbial foodborne illnesses from plant and animal products. Diseases resulting from food hypersensitivity (food allergies). Food-drug interactions.2 min · 32 cards
- 13. Foodborne diseases. Classification and prevention.41. Diseases from biologically contaminated foods. Foodborne toxicoinfections and intoxications. Mycotoxicoses.1 min · 16 cards
- 14. Dietary and nutritional assessment of the individual. Nutritional assessment by clinical, anthropometric and biochemical methods.44. Diseases caused by malnutrition. Eating disorders.1 min · 16 cards
- 15. Food surveillance. Sanitation of eating places and food stores.31. Culinary processing and preservation of food products.2 min · 15 cards
- 16. Occupational medicine. Unfavourable factors of working conditions. Occupational diseases.49. Subject and tasks of the occupational health service. Occupational health and safety (OHS). Risk factors in the workplace. Classification of modern forms of labor. · 54. Occupational risk factors and occupational diseases. Harmful factors associated with poor work organization. Prevention.2 min · 32 cards
- 17. Occupational medicine. Physical factors – noise, infra- and ultrasound, vibration, atmospheric pressure.56. Noise, ultrasound and infrasound in production, industrial vibrations – hygienic characteristics, biological effects, prevention. · 55. Impact of adverse physical factors on the human body in the workplace (microclimate, atmospheric pressure, etc.). Prevention.2 min · 31 cards
- 18. Occupational medicine. Chemical factors in working conditions – prophylactic measures.60. Chemical factors in production and fundamentals of occupational toxicology. Prevention of occupational poisonings. · 59. Dust aerosols.2 min · 31 cards
- 19. Hygienic characteristic of industrial work. Work physiology. Capacity for physical work. Energy cost of work. Physiological and psychophysical methods for assessment of the efficiency and fatigue.52. Work capacity. Fatigue and overfatigue. Prevention. · 51. Ergonomic requirements for the workplace and work furniture – basic principles.2 min · 31 cards
- 20. Acceleration. School program. Healthful knowledge. Main diseases at school.73. Problems of acceleration and biological maturity and their importance for the medical and preventive activities in educational institutions. · 74. Hygienic and physiological foundations of educational work in kindergartens and schools. · 75. Daily routine of the student – hygienic principles. Role of the medical specialist for their implementation. Prevention of school-related fatigue. · 76. Structure of morbidity in adolescents. Methods for monitoring and assessing the health status of children and adolescents.4 min · 60 cards
- 21. Methods for physical assessment of children and adolescents. Hygienic requirements for planning, structure and furnishing of schools and kindergartens.72. Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child and adolescent organism. Patterns in the dynamics of the key morphological indicators. · 78. Hygienic requirements for the planning, structure, and furnishing of nurseries, kindergartens, and schools. Hygienic issues of sanitary-technical infrastructure and hygienic requirements for equipment.2 min · 29 cards
Other Year 3 subjects
- Dental Public Health38 notes
- Pharmacology93 notes
- Preclinical Paediatrics40 notes
- Preclinics of Conservative Dental Medicine53 notes
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