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  4. Медицина
  5. 1 курс
  6. Анатомия и хистология на човека

Медицина · 1 и 2 курс · МУ Пловдив

Анатомия и хистология на човека

Целият конспект на МУ Пловдив по Анатомия и хистология на човека, медицина, 1 и 2 курс: 212 теми, 197 теми с безплатна записка (16 часа четене), и 3356 флашкарти. Обновено на 10 ноември 2026 г.

теми в конспекта
212
безплатни записки
197
флашкарти
3356
четене
16 ч
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Конспект

Темите в реда на конспекта на МУ Пловдив. Всяка тема със записка се отваря в AceMed, щом влезеш в профила си.

First-year final exam 41 теми

  1. 1. Bone as an organ. Types of bones – description, structure - compact and spongy bone tissue. Perios-teum – structure. The skeleton - definition, function.1. The bone as an organ - structure, development and growing. Biological features.3 мин · 15 флашкарти
  2. 2. Joints between bones – general characteristics. Solid joints – types.16. Joints system. Bony jo ints: synarthrosis, cartilaginous joints, synostosis.4 мин · 14 флашкарти
  3. 3. Synovial joints (diarthroses) - the structure of the synovial joints: basic and additional elements. The classification of the synovial joints.16. Joints system. Bony jo ints: synarthrosis, cartilaginous joints, synostosis.4 мин · 13 флашкарти
  4. 4. Vertebral column. Joints of the vertebral column. The vertebral column as a whole. Biomechanics.2. Bones of the vertebral column. · 18. Vertebral column. Vertebral joints: syndesmoses, synchondroses and synovial joints.Configuration and10 мин · 28 флашкарти
  5. 5. Skeleton of the thorax. Joints of the thorax. The thorax as a whole. Biomechanics.3. Ribs and sternum. · 19. Thoracic joints. The thorax as a whole.4 мин · 21 флашкарти
  6. 6. Joints between the vertebral column and the skull. Biomechanics.Подготвя се
  7. 7. Joints between the skull bones. Temporomandibular joint.16. Joints system. Bony jo ints: synarthrosis, cartilaginous joints, synostosis. · 20. Temporomandibular joint.6 мин · 26 флашкарти
  8. 8. Joints of the shoulder girdle. Shoulder joint.21. Joints of pectoral girdle. · 22 Glenohumeral (shoulder joint)3 мин · 26 флашкарти
  9. 9. Elbow joint. Joints between the bones of the forearm.23. Elbow joint. Junctions of forearm bones.3 мин · 12 флашкарти
  10. 10. Joints of the hand. Carpometacarpal joints. Metacarpophalangeal joints. Interphalangeal joints.24. Wrist joint. Carpal joints.3 мин · 28 флашкарти
  11. 11. Joints of the pelvic girdle. The pelvic girdle as a whole. Biomechanics.26. Joints of pelvic girdle. Shape and size of the pelvis.3 мин · 13 флашкарти
  12. 12. Hip joint.3 мин · 14 флашкарти
  13. 13. Knee joint.4 мин · 14 флашкарти
  14. 14. Joints between the leg bones. Ankle joint.29. Junctions of the leg bones. Ankle joint.5 мин · 13 флашкарти
  15. 15. Joints of the foot - subtalar joint and talo-calcaneo-navicular joint. Joints of the foot with liM-ited movement. Interphalangeal joints.30. Subtalar or talocalcaneal joint. Transverse tarsal joint.7 мин · 31 флашкарти
  16. 16. Foot as a whole. Arches of the foot. Biomechanics.52. Muscles, fasciae and synovial sheaths of foot. Configuration, mechanics and deformations of the foot.5 мин · 11 флашкарти
  17. 17. Structure of skeletal muscle: auxiliary structures, classification of muscles, biomechanics.32. Structure of muscles (body). Structure of fasciae, tendons, sesamoid bones, synovial sheaths and1 мин · 12 флашкарти
  18. 18. Muscles of the shoulder girdle - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.43. Muscles of shoulder girdle.4 мин · 14 флашкарти
  19. 19. Muscles of the upper arm - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.44. Muscles of arm. Brachial fascia.2 мин · 14 флашкарти
  20. 20. Muscles of the forearm - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.45.46 Muscles of forearm6 мин · 13 флашкарти
  21. 21. Muscles of the hand - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.47. Muscles and synovial sheaths of hand.5 мин · 14 флашкарти
  22. 22. Synovial sheaths of the upper limb. Flexor and extensor retinacula.47. Muscles and synovial sheaths of hand.5 мин · 14 флашкарти
  23. 23. Muscles of the pelvic girdle - groups, attachments, action, and nerve supply.48. Muscles of pelvis.3 мин · 14 флашкарти
  24. 24. Muscles of the femoral region - groups, attachments, action and nerve supply.49. Muscles of thigh. Fascia lata.5 мин · 14 флашкарти
  25. 25. Muscles of the leg - groups, attachments, action and nerve supply.50.51 Muscles of leg4 мин · 13 флашкарти
  26. 26. Muscles of the foot - groups, attachments, action and nerve supply.52. Muscles, fasciae and synovial sheaths of foot. Configuration, mechanics and deformations of the foot.5 мин · 11 флашкарти
  27. 27. Synovial sheaths of the lower limb.52. Muscles, fasciae and synovial sheaths of foot. Configuration, mechanics and deformations of the foot.5 мин · 11 флашкарти
  28. 28. Topography of the upper limb – lateral (quadrangular) and medial (triangular) axillary space, humeromuscular canal.245. Axillary Region · 257.258 Regions of arm8 мин · 28 флашкарти
  29. 29. Topography of the lower limb - suprapiriform foramen, infrapiriform foramen, vascular, mus-cular and lymphatic lacuna, obturator and femoral canal.266. Gluteal region. · 267. Anterior region of thigh.15 мин · 28 флашкарти
  30. 30. Topography of the lower limb – Femoral triangle, adductor canal, popliteal fossa, cruropop-liteus canal, superior and inferior musculoperoneal canal.267. Anterior region of thigh. · 269. Anterior and posterior regions of knee.12 мин · 28 флашкарти
  31. 31. The superficial veins of the upper and lower limbs.129. Superficial and deep veins of limbs.3 мин · 12 флашкарти
  32. 32. The axillary artery. Position, parts, branches. Anastomoses around the shoulder joint.117. Axillary and brachial arteries.2 мин · 13 флашкарти
  33. 33. The arteries of the upper limb - the brachial artery, the radial artery and the ulnar artery. Their position, branches, anastomoses.117. Axillary and brachial arteries. · 118. Radial and ulnar arteries.4 мин · 26 флашкарти
  34. 34. The external and internal iliac arteries. Position, branches. Anastomoses around the hip joint.122. Common iliac artery. Internal iliac artery. · 123. External iliac artery. Femoral artery.4 мин · 27 флашкарти
  35. 35. The arteries of the lower limb - the femoral artery, the popliteal artery. Position, branches.123. External iliac artery. Femoral artery. · 124. Popliteal artery. Arteries of leg and foot.5 мин · 26 флашкарти
  36. 36. Arteries of the leg and foot. Position, branches, anastomoses.124. Popliteal artery. Arteries of leg and foot.3 мин · 13 флашкарти
  37. 37. Brachial plexus. The formation, position. Branches of the supraclavicular branches.185. Brachial plexus - formation. Branches of the supraclavicular part.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  38. 38. Musculocutaneous, median and ulnar nerve. Origin, position, branches. Areas of sensory and motor innervation.186. Median nerve. · 187. Ulnar nerve. · 189. Axillary nerve. Musculocutaneous nerve.5 мин · 30 флашкарти
  39. 39. Radial and axillary nerve. Origin, position, branches. Areas of sensory and motor innervation.188. Radial nerve. · 189. Axillary nerve. Musculocutaneous nerve.4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  40. 40. Lumbar plexus. Formation, position, branches.191. Lumbar plexus.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  41. 41. Sacral and coccygeal plexus. Formation, position, branches.192. Sacral plexus - formation and branches.1 мин · 10 флашкарти

II. Nervous system and sensory organs 75 теми

  1. 1. Skull (cranium) - facial cranium and neurocranium (cranial skull). Calvaria (calva, vault). The skull of the newborn.10. Calvaria (cranial roof). Fontanelles.3 мин · 13 флашкарти
  2. 2. External surface of the base of the skull - elements, passing through the openings and canals.11. Cranial base, external surface. Mandibule2 мин · 14 флашкарти
  3. 3. Internal surface of the base of the skull - elements, passing through the openings and canals.229+230. Fronto-parieto-occipital region. Base of the Skull4 мин · 15 флашкарти
  4. 4. Lateral aspect of the skull: temporal, infratemporal, and pterygopalatine fossae. Walls, boundaries, communications and elements passing through them.13. Lateral surface of the cranium. Temporal fossa, infratemporal fossa, and pterygopalatine fossa.3 мин · 14 флашкарти
  5. 5. Orbit. Walls, communications, and elements passing through them.14. Orbit5 мин · 14 флашкарти
  6. 6. Skeleton of the nasal cavity. Walls, communications and elements passing through them.15. Bony nasal cavity.2 мин · 11 флашкарти
  7. 7. Nervous system – definition. Types. General characteristics in its structure and organization.143. General principles of organization of the nervous system.1 мин · 20 флашкарти
  8. 8. General principles in the function of the nervous system. Ontogenetic and phylogenetic develop-ment of the nervous system.144. Development of the nervous system. · 145. General principles of the histophysiology of the nervous system6 мин · 22 флашкарти
  9. 9. Spinal cord - position, shape, size, segments. Meninges and blood supply.146. Spinal cord - shape, topography, blood supply. · 151. Meninges and blood supply of the spinal cord.8 мин · 20 флашкарти
  10. 10. Spinal cord. Grey matter - arrangement and structure.147. Gray columns of spinal cord. Spinal laminae.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  11. 11. Spinal cord. The white matter - ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts. Interseg-mental (proper) tracts.148. White substance of spinal cord. Roots. Propriospinal tracts. · 149. Ascending tracts in the spinal cord. · 150. Descending tracts in the spinal cord.14 мин · 30 флашкарти
  12. 12. Brain – embryonic development, shape, size. Anatomical and ontogenetic division. Brainstem -new and old parts.152. Encephalon (Brain) - overview and development.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  13. 13. The reticular formation.162. Reticular formation.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  14. 14. Medulla oblongata - position, size, the external view (aspect153 Medulla oblongata5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  15. 15. Medulla oblongata - the internal structure – grey matter.153 Medulla oblongata5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  16. 16. Medulla oblongata – the internal structure – white matter.153 Medulla oblongata5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  17. 17. Pons – description, basilar part - external and internal structure.154. Pons4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  18. 18. Pons – description, dorsal part - external and internal structure.154. Pons4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  19. 19. Cerebellum – description, external structure.155. Cerebellum – body of cerebellum and internal features.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  20. 20. Cerebellum – cortex.155. Cerebellum – body of cerebellum and internal features.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  21. 21. Cerebellum – nuclei and white matter.155. Cerebellum – body of cerebellum and internal features. · 156. Afferent and efferent cerebellar connections.6 мин · 20 флашкарти
  22. 22. The fourth ventricle. Rhomboid fossa. Cerebrospinal fluid - formation, circulation, and drain-age.157. Fourth ventricle. · 172. Arachnoid mater and pia mater. Cerebrospinal fluid circulation.3 мин · 20 флашкарти
  23. 23. Midbrain - external structure.158. Mesencephalon (Midbrain).4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  24. 24. Midbrain – internal structure – cerebral peduncles, tectum.158. Mesencephalon (Midbrain).4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  25. 25. Midbrain – internal structure, tegmentum.158. Mesencephalon (Midbrain).4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  26. 26. Diencephalon – dorsal thalamus.159.160 Diencephalon (Interbrain): thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus.hypothalamus9 мин · 10 флашкарти
  27. 27. Metathalamus, epithalamus. The third ventricle.159.160 Diencephalon (Interbrain): thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus.hypothalamus · 161. Third ventricle.10 мин · 20 флашкарти
  28. 28. Diencephalon – ventral thalamus.159.160 Diencephalon (Interbrain): thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus.hypothalamus9 мин · 10 флашкарти
  29. 29. Diencephalon – hypothalamus.159.160 Diencephalon (Interbrain): thalamus, epithalamus, subthalamus.hypothalamus9 мин · 10 флашкарти
  30. 30. Cerebrum (forebrain) – description, embryonic development. Exterior of the hemispheres – sulci, gyri.163. Telencephalon (Cerebrum, Endbrain) - sulci and gyri.4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  31. 31. Cerebral cortex. Structure. Isocortex and allocortex.164. Structure of the cerebral cortex. Cytoarchitectonics.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  32. 32. Cortical areas. Localization of cortical functions.165. Cortical areas. Localization of the functions in the cerebral cortex.6 мин · 10 флашкарти
  33. 33. Basal nuclei of the cerebrum.167. Basal nuclei of the telencephalon. · Basal part of the brain6 мин · 10 флашкарти
  34. 34. White matter of the hemispheres.166. Myeloarchitectonics of the telencephalon. Corpus callosum. Commissurae. Capsula interna.4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  35. 35. Olfactory apparatus (rhinencephalon). Olfactory pathway.168.+169 Olfactory bulb and other olfactory structures. · 212. Olfactory organ. Olfactory sensory system. olfactrory system4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  36. 36. Limbic system – limbic cortex.179. Limbic functional system.5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  37. 37. Limbic system – limbic nuclei and limbic pathways.179. Limbic functional system.5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  38. 38. The lateral ventricle. Ventricular system.170. Lateral ventricle.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  39. 39. The meninges of the brain – dura matter.171. Cranial dura mater. Dural venous sinuses.6 мин · 10 флашкарти
  40. 40. The meninges of the brain – arachnoid and pia matter.172. Arachnoid mater and pia mater. Cerebrospinal fluid circulation.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  41. 41. Blood supply of the brain.173. Blood supply of the brain - arteries and veins.7 мин · 10 флашкарти
  42. 42. Ascending pathways for general sensation. Pathway for superficial mechanoreception.174. Exteroceptive system for mechanoreception.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  43. 43. Ascending pathways for general sensation. Pathway for pain and temperature.175. System for pain and temperature.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  44. 44. Ascending pathways for general sensation. Pathway for proprioception. Pathway for internal sensation.176. System for proprioreception.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  45. 45. Visual sensory pathway.216. Retina. Optic nerve. Visual sensory system.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  46. 46. Acoustic and vestibular sensory pathway.200. Cochlear nerve of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII). Auditory sensory system. · 201. Vestibular nerve of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Vestibular sensory system.3 мин · 20 флашкарти
  47. 47. Efferent pathways from the cerebral cortex. The pyramid system).177.178 Motor system. Pyramidal, oculomotor and corticonuclear systems.7 мин · 10 флашкарти
  48. 48. Efferent pathways from the cerebral cortex. The extrapyramid system.Подготвя се
  49. 49. Neuro- endocrine pathway. Central transmitter systems.Подготвя се
  50. 50. Peripherial nervous system – discription. Cranial nerves – general characteristics.Подготвя се
  51. 51. Third, fourth, and sixth cranial nerves - nuclei, position, characteristics. Course of the nerve, branches, area of distribution.194. Oculomotor, trochlear and abducent nerves.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  52. 52. Trigeminal nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The ganglion of the nerve. The first branch of the nerve - course, branches, area of distribution.195. Trigeminal nerve (V) - nuclei, branches and regions of nerve supply. · 196. Ophthalmic nerve (V1).4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  53. 53. Trigeminal nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The ganglion of the nerve. The second branch of the nerve - course, branches, area of distribution.195. Trigeminal nerve (V) - nuclei, branches and regions of nerve supply. · 197. Maxillary nerve (V2).4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  54. 54. Trigeminal nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The ganglion of the nerve. The third branch of the nerve - course, branches, area of distribution.195. Trigeminal nerve (V) - nuclei, branches and regions of nerve supply. · 198. Mandibular nerve (V3).4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  55. 55. Facial nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The course, branches, area of distribution.199. Facial nerve (VII). Intermediate nerve.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  56. 56. Glossopharyngeal nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The course, branches, area of distri-bution.202. Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX).2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  57. 57. Vagus nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The course, branches, area of distribution.203. Vagus nerve (X).3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  58. 58. Accessory nerve, hypoglossal nerve. Nuclei - position, characteristic. The course of the nerves, branches, area of distribution.204. Accessorius nerve (XI). Hypoglossal nerve (XII).2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  59. 59. Spinal nerves - number, groups, formation. Functional or analysis of the spinal nerves. The spinal ganglion. Dorsal branches of the spinal nerves.182. Spinal nerves - formation. Spinal ganglia. Reflex arch. · 183. Posterior or dorsal rami of spinal nerves.7 мин · 20 флашкарти
  60. 60. Autonomic nervous system - definition, criteria for division into sympathetic and parasympa-thetic divisions. Reflex arch. Analysis of its neurons. Autonomic ganglia. Differences between the autonomic and somatic nervous system.205. General principles of organization of the autonomic (vegetative) nervous system. Autonomic reflex arch.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  61. 61. Sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system - nuclei, sympathetic trunk, prevertebral ganglia, nerves.207.208.209 Sympathetic part of the autonomic (vegetative) nervous system. Overview. Cranial and cervical part5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  62. 62. Parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. Cranial and sacral parasympathetic outflow - nuclei, ganglia, nerves.206. Parasympathetic part of the autonomic (vegetative) nervous system.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  63. 63. Plexuses of the autonomic nervous system in the thorax, abdominal and pelvic cavities - for-mation, position, organs innervated by themПодготвя се
  64. 64. Gustatory organ. Gustatory sensory pathway.213. Gustatory organ . Gustatory sensory system.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  65. 65. Organ of vision - general remarks. The eyeball - shape, position, size. Outer (fibrous) coat – general characteristics, ontogenesis.214. Eye - overview and development. · 215. Vascular and Fibrous layer of eyeball.5 мин · 20 флашкарти
  66. 66. The eyeball - middle (vascular) coat - parts, description.215. Vascular and Fibrous layer of eyeball.4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  67. 67. Retina. Optic nerve.216. Retina. Optic nerve. Visual sensory system.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  68. 68. Internal nucleus of the eyeball.217. Chambers of eyeball. add1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  69. 69. Accessory organs of the eyeball - extraocular muscles.218. Extra-ocular muscles. Eyelids.4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  70. 70. Accessory organs of the eyeball – eyebrows, eyelids, conjunctiva. Lacrimal apparatus.218. Extra-ocular muscles. Eyelids. · 220. Lacrimal apparatus. Conjunctiva.6 мин · 20 флашкарти
  71. 71. Acoustic and vestibular organ – general characteristics, ontogenesis. External ear.221. External ear. Tympanic membrane.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  72. 72. Middle ear.222. Middle ear - tympanic cavity. · 223. Auditory ossicles. Auditory (pharyngotympanic) tube.6 мин · 20 флашкарти
  73. 73. Internal ear. The bony labyrinth.224.225.226 Internal ear - bony labyrinth.6 мин · 10 флашкарти
  74. 74. Internal ear. The membranous labyrinth - cochlear part. Organ of Corti. Cochlear nerve. Path-way of hearing.200. Cochlear nerve of the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII). Auditory sensory system. · 224.225.226 Internal ear - bony labyrinth.8 мин · 20 флашкарти
  75. 75. Internal ear. The membranous labyrinth - vestibular part. Organ of equilibrium. Vestibular nerve. Pathway of equilibrium.201. Vestibular nerve of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Vestibular sensory system.1 мин · 10 флашкарти

Second-year final exam 57 теми

  1. 1. Cardiovascular system. General microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of its organs. Major (or systematic) circulation and lesser (or pulmonary) circulation. Embryonic devel-opment of major blood vessels. Fetal circulation.109. General structure of the wall of blood vessels. Arteries, veins and capillaries. · 110. Vessels and functional properties of the pulmonary circulation. · 131. Fetal blood circulation. Changes in the vascular system at birth.5 мин · 40 флашкарти
  2. 2. Heart. Embryonic development. Macroscopic characteristics. Atria and ventricles.102. Heart (cor). Development, topography and external relief. · 103. Heart chambers. Cardiac valves.7 мин · 29 флашкарти
  3. 3. Heart. The valves of the heart. Fibrous skeleton of the heart. The conducting system of the heart.103. Heart chambers. Cardiac valves. · 104. Structure of the cardiac wall. Fibrous skeleton of the heart. · 107. Conducting system of the heart.11 мин · 42 флашкарти
  4. 4. Heart – microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of the heart wall. Nerve and blood supply.104. Structure of the cardiac wall. Fibrous skeleton of the heart. · 106. Blood supply of the heart - arteries and veins.7 мин · 26 флашкарти
  5. 5. Arteries. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of the arterial wall. Classifi-cation.109. General structure of the wall of blood vessels. Arteries, veins and capillaries.2 мин · 14 флашкарти
  6. 6. Aorta. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of its wall.109. General structure of the wall of blood vessels. Arteries, veins and capillaries.2 мин · 14 флашкарти
  7. 7. Veins. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of the venous wall. Classifica-tion.109. General structure of the wall of blood vessels. Arteries, veins and capillaries.2 мин · 14 флашкарти
  8. 8. Microcirculatory blood system. Arterioles, venules, capillaries. Classification. Microscopic, ultra-microscopic and functional characteristics. Arteriovenous anastomoses.Подготвя се
  9. 9. Lymphatic (immune) system. Lymph vessels – microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional char-acteristics of the wall. Lymph.132. Lymphoid system. Overview. Structure of the wall of the lymphatic vessels. Main lymphatic vessels.2 мин · 16 флашкарти
  10. 10. Lymphatic (immune) system. Lymph organs. Classification. General microscopic, ultramicroscop-ic and functional characteristics of the organs.Подготвя се
  11. 11. Lymph nodes. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Tonsils – principal structure.133. Lymph node - structure. · 134. Tonsils - structure.2 мин · 27 флашкарти
  12. 12. Thymus. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Blood-thymus barrier. Blood and nerve supply. Bone marrow. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics.135. Thymus. · 137. Bone marrow3 мин · 26 флашкарти
  13. 13. Spleen. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.136. Spleen4 мин · 16 флашкарти
  14. 14. Digestive system- the major organs of the digestive system. Principal structure of tubular and par-enchymatous organs.53. Alimentary system - overview and development3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  15. 15. Oral cavity. Embryonic development. Oral vestibule, lips, cheeks, gums. Macroscopic and micro-scopic characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.54. Oral cavity. · Oral cavity (Lip)2 мин · 17 флашкарти
  16. 16. Oral cavity. Proper oral cavity. Hard palate, soft palate, oral diaphragm, oropharyngeal isthmus. Macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.54. Oral cavity.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  17. 17. Teeth. Characteristics of human dentition. Macroscopic characteristics of the teeth. Functional groups. Deciduous and permanent dentition – characteristics.56. Teeth - permanent and deciduous. Development and histological structure of the tooth.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  18. 18. Teeth. Embryonic development. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of enamel and dentin.56. Teeth - permanent and deciduous. Development and histological structure of the tooth. · Teeth5 мин · 24 флашкарти
  19. 19. Teeth. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of cement, pulp, periodontium. Parodont. Blood and nerve supply.56. Teeth - permanent and deciduous. Development and histological structure of the tooth. · Teeth5 мин · 24 флашкарти
  20. 20. Tongue. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Lingual papillae – types. Muscles of the tongue. Blood and nerve supply.55. Tongue. · Tongue4 мин · 44 флашкарти
  21. 21. Salivary glands - types. Parotid gland. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.57. Major salivary glands – parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland. · salivary glands8 мин · 44 флашкарти
  22. 22. Submandibular and sublingual gland. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.57. Major salivary glands – parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland. · salivary glands8 мин · 44 флашкарти
  23. 23. Pharynx - Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.59. Pharynx.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  24. 24. Esophagus. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.60. Oesophagus. · Oesophagus6 мин · 25 флашкарти
  25. 25. Stomach. Embryonic development. Macroscopic structure of the stomach.61-62. Stomach - topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Stomach7 мин · 32 флашкарти
  26. 26. Stomach. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of the wall. Blood and nerve supply.61-62. Stomach - topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Stomach7 мин · 32 флашкарти
  27. 27. Small intestine. Embryonic development. Parts. Duodenum. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicro-scopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.63. Small intestine – duodenum.. · Small intestine (duodenum + mesenteric)6 мин · 30 флашкарти
  28. 28. Small intestine. Jejunum and ileum. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.64. Small intestine - jejunum and ileum.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  29. 29. Large intestine. Embryonic development. Parts. Caecum and colon. Vermiform appendix Macro-scopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.65. Large intestine - caecum, appendix and colon. · Large intestine9 мин · 22 флашкарти
  30. 30. Rectum. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.66. Large intestine - rectum.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  31. 31. Pancreas. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of exocrine and endocrine part. Blood and nerve supply.67. Pancreas. · 101. Endocrine pancreas. Gastro-entero-pancreatic endocrine system.4 мин · 20 флашкарти
  32. 32. Liver. Embryonic development. Macroscopic structure.68-69. Liver - shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Liver11 мин · 25 флашкарти
  33. 33. Liver. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Types of hepatic lobules. Blood and nerve supply.68-69. Liver - shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Liver11 мин · 25 флашкарти
  34. 34. Biliary system. Intra- and extrahepatic ducts. Gall bladder. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicro-scopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.70. Bile ducts. Gallbladder.1 мин · 26 флашкарти
  35. 35. Respiratory system. Embryonic development. Major organs of the respiratory system -principal structure.72. Respiratory system - overview and development.1 мин · 10 флашкарти
  36. 36. Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal air sinuses. Macroscopic structure. Respiratory and olfactory parts of the nasal mucosa - microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.73. Nose. Nasal cavity. Paranasal sinuses.7 мин · 10 флашкарти
  37. 37. Larynx. Macroscopic structure.74. Larynx. · Larynx7 мин · 23 флашкарти
  38. 38. Laryngeal cavity. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.74. Larynx. · Larynx7 мин · 23 флашкарти
  39. 39. Trachea and main (principal) bronchi. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.Trachea1 мин · 28 флашкарти
  40. 40. Lungs. Embryonic development. Macroscopic structure. Bronchial tree - microscopic, ultramicro-scopic and functional characteristics.76-77. Lung - shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Lung + Developing lung15 мин · 29 флашкарти
  41. 41. Lungs. Respiratory compartment - microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood-air barrier. Blood and nerve supply.76-77. Lung - shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. · Lung + Developing lung15 мин · 29 флашкарти
  42. 42. Urinary system. Embryonic development. Kidneys and renal parenchyma. Macroscopic character-istics.79. Urinary system - overview and development. · 80-81. Kidney- shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. add interna structrue10 мин · 20 флашкарти
  43. 43. Kidneys. Nephron - microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Filtration barrier. Endocrine apparatus. Blood and nerve supply.80-81. Kidney- shape, topography, blood supply, lymphatic drainage, nerve supply. add interna structrue · Kidney9 мин · 22 флашкарти
  44. 44. Excretory renal ducts - minor and major calyces, pelvis. Ureter and urinary bladder. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.82. Renal pelvis and ureter. · 83. Urinary bladder.10 мин · 20 флашкарти
  45. 45. Endocrine system. Classification. General macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of endo-crine organs. Endocrine organoids in non-endocrine organs.Подготвя се
  46. 46. Endocrine system. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal system. Pituitary and pineal gland. Embryonic de-velopment. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.96. Pituitary gland or hypophysis. · 97-98. Pineal gland or epiphysis.7 мин · 20 флашкарти
  47. 47. Endocrine system. Thyroid and parathyroid glands. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, micro-scopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.97-98. Pineal gland or epiphysis. · 99. Parathyroid glands.5 мин · 20 флашкарти
  48. 48. Endocrine system. Suprarenal gland. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultra-microscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply. APUD – system.100. Suprarenal glands. Paraganglia.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  49. 49. Male reproductive system. Testis and epididymis. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, micro-scopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood-testicular barrier. Blood and nerve supply.86. Testis. · 87. Epididymis. Ductus deferens. Funiculus spermaticus (spermatic cord).9 мин · 20 флашкарти
  50. 50. Male reproductive system. Ductus deferens. Seminal vesicles. Prostate gland. Bulbourethral glands. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.87. Epididymis. Ductus deferens. Funiculus spermaticus (spermatic cord). · 88. Seminal vesicles. Prostate. Bulbo-urethral glands.13 мин · 20 флашкарти
  51. 51. Male reproductive system. Penis. Male urethra. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.84. Male and female urethra. · 89. Penis. Scrotum.8 мин · 20 флашкарти
  52. 52. Female reproductive system. Ovary. Embryonic development. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultrami-croscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.90. Ovary.2 мин · 10 флашкарти
  53. 53. Female reproductive system. Uterine tubes (oviducts). Embryonic development. Macroscopic, mi-croscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.91. Uterine tube.5 мин · 10 флашкарти
  54. 54. Female reproductive system. Uterus. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics of the wall. Ovario-menstrual cycle. Microscopic and functional characteristics of the four phases. Blood and nerve supply.92. Uterus.6 мин · 10 флашкарти
  55. 55. Female reproductive system. Vagina. External genital organs. Macroscopic, microscopic, ultrami-croscopic and functional characteristics. Blood and nerve supply.93. Vagina. Female external genitalia.3 мин · 10 флашкарти
  56. 56. Integument. Non-hair skin – parts. Microscopic, ultramicroscopic and functional characteristics.227.228 Skin. Epidermis and dermis. Glands8 мин · 10 флашкарти
  57. 57. Integument. Hair skin. Hair, sweat, sebaceous and mammary glands, nail. Microscopic, ultramicro-scopic and functional characteristics.227.228 Skin. Epidermis and dermis. Glands8 мин · 10 флашкарти

II. Regional anatomy 39 теми

  1. 58. Head. Topographic regions. Blood supply, motor and sensory innervation of the face and the head.Подготвя се
  2. 59. Frontoparietooccipital region.229+230. Fronto-parieto-occipital region. Base of the Skull4 мин · 15 флашкарти
  3. 60. Parotideomasseteric region.238. Parotideomassetreric region1 мин · 14 флашкарти
  4. 61. Temporal region. Buccal region.231. Temporal and mastoid regions. · 233. Facial region. Infraorbital, zygomatic, mental and buccal regions.7 мин · 28 флашкарти
  5. 62. Infratemporal region.2 мин · 16 флашкарти
  6. 63. Peripharyngeal regionПодготвя се
  7. 64. Neck. Topographic regions. Subcutaneous elements in the cervical region.Подготвя се
  8. 65. Cervical fascia and connective tissue spaces.239. Fasciae and connective tissue spaces of the neck.4 мин · 15 флашкарти
  9. 66. Submandibular triangle.2 мин · 16 флашкарти
  10. 67. Carotid triangle.2 мин · 15 флашкарти
  11. 68. Common carotid artery. External and internal carotid artery. Distribution and branches of the ex-ternal carotid artery in the cervical region.112-114. External and Internal carotid artery +( Opthalmic Artery)4 мин · 14 флашкарти
  12. 69. Infrahyoid region.Подготвя се
  13. 70. Lateral cervical region.1 мин · 14 флашкарти
  14. 71. Antescalenus, interscalenus, and scalenovertebral spaces.Подготвя се
  15. 72. The subclavian artery. Position and branches.116. Subclavian artery.2 мин · 13 флашкарти
  16. 73. Back. Regions. Muscles of the back – groups.36 + 37 Back muscles · 247. Regions of the back15 мин · 29 флашкарти
  17. 74. Thorax. Topographic regions. Thoracic wall – muscles, intercostal spaces. Layered topography.39. Muscles of thorax.2 мин · 31 флашкарти
  18. 75. Axillary fossa. Location, structure, content.245. Axillary Region4 мин · 13 флашкарти
  19. 76. Thoracic cavity. Pleura. Pleural cavity. Projections of the pleura.78. Pleura. Pleural cavity.4 мин · 10 флашкарти
  20. 77. Diaphagm.40. Diaphragm.3 мин · 13 флашкарти
  21. 78. Mediastinum. Borders. Division. Superior mediastinum.236 midiastaum5 мин · 15 флашкарти
  22. 79. Mediastinum. Borders. Division. Anterior and middle mediastinum. Projections of the heart.236 midiastaum5 мин · 15 флашкарти
  23. 80. Mediastinum. Borders. Division. Posterior mediastinum.236 midiastaum5 мин · 15 флашкарти
  24. 81. Ascending aorta, aortic arch, thoracic aorta - branches.111. Aorta · 119. Aortic arch. Thoracic aorta.3 мин · 27 флашкарти
  25. 82. Superior vena cava. Formation. Position, major tributaries. Cava-caval anastomoses.125. Superior Vena Cava The head and neck supply · 128. Anastomoses between the systems of the both venae cavae (cava-caval anastomoses).11 мин · 25 флашкарти
  26. 83. Abdomen. Antero-lateral abdominal wall. Regions. Layered topography – fasciae, muscles.250. Vetro Lateral Abdominal wall · 41. Muscles of abdomen5 мин · 30 флашкарти
  27. 84. Inguinal canal. Rectus abdominis sheath. Linea alba.42. Inguinal canal.1 мин · 13 флашкарти
  28. 85. Abdominal cavity. Walls, regions. Peritoneum - structure, blood and nerve supply. Peritoneal com-partment of the abdominal cavity.251. Abdominal cavity · 71. Peritoneum.12 мин · 25 флашкарти
  29. 86. Upper region of the peritoneal cavity. Organs, peritoneal structures, topographic relations of the organs, vessels and nerves.Подготвя се
  30. 87. Omental bursa. Greater omentum – formation, parts.Подготвя се
  31. 88. Portal vein. Formation, position. Anastomoses with the superior and inferior venae cavae.128. Anastomoses between the systems of the both venae cavae (cava-caval anastomoses). · 130. System of the hepatic portal vein. Porto-caval anastomoses.7 мин · 24 флашкарти
  32. 89. Lower region of the peritoneal cavity. Organs, peritoneal structures, topographic relations of the organs, vessels and nerves.252. Inferior Compartment of the abdominal cavity5 мин · 15 флашкарти
  33. 90. The unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta - the coeliac trunk, the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries. Position and branches.120+121. Abdominal aorta - paired and unpaired branches.1 мин · 13 флашкарти
  34. 91. The hepatic portal system - constituting veins. Position of the portal vein. Anastomoses between the portal and systematic circulation.130. System of the hepatic portal vein. Porto-caval anastomoses.5 мин · 14 флашкарти
  35. 92. The abdominal aorta. Parietal (lateral) and paired visceral branches.120+121. Abdominal aorta - paired and unpaired branches.1 мин · 13 флашкарти
  36. 93. The superior and inferior vena cava. Position. Main tributaries. Anastomoses between the two caval veins.125. Superior Vena Cava The head and neck supply · 127. Inferior vena cava. Veins of the pelvis and the lower part of the abdominal wall. · 128. Anastomoses between the systems of the both venae cavae (cava-caval anastomoses).13 мин · 39 флашкарти
  37. 94. Peritoneal cavity. Pelvic region - organs, peritoneal structures, and recesses.254. Peritoneal and subperitoneal division of the pelvis.5 мин · 16 флашкарти
  38. 95. Subperitoneal space - organs, and spaces.254. Peritoneal and subperitoneal division of the pelvis.5 мин · 16 флашкарти
  39. 96. Subcutaneous pelvic region. Perineum. Ischioanal fossa.255. Subcutaneous division of the pelvis. Ischioanal fossa · 94. Perineum - muscles and fasciae.7 мин · 26 флашкарти

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