Medicine · Year 4 · MU Sofia

Hygiene and Occupational Medicine

Taught in Year 4 of Medicine at the Medical University of Sofia, Hygiene and Occupational Medicine opens with environmental hygiene: air, microclimate and climate, water, soil, plastics, settlements, housing, waste and healthcare facilities. It then moves to healthy lifestyle, geriatric hygiene and radiation protection. Nutrition follows, from nutrients and food groups to diet for particular groups and diet-related diseases, and the syllabus ends with occupational health and the hygiene of children and adolescents. AceMed has notes for all 78 topics, about two hours of reading in all. They are built around 112 labelled pictures, with two tables and 1,151 flashcards.

The full MU Sofia syllabus for Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Medicine, Year 4: 78 topics, every one with a free study note (2 hours of reading), and 1,151 flashcards. Updated 1 November 2026.

syllabus topics: 78
free notes: 78
flashcards: 1,151
of reading: 2 h

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Syllabus

The topics in the order of the MU Sofia syllabus. Each one with a note opens in AceMed once you're signed in.

1. Hygiene and Ecology – subject, goals, tasks, methodology, and methods. Applied ecology and environmental protection.2 min · 15 cards
2. Structure and composition of the atmosphere. Air pollution. Self-purification.5 min · 14 cards
3. Physical factors of the atmosphere and their combined effects on the human body. Thermoregulation and prevention of thermal discomfort.1 min · 12 cards
4. Impact of the weather and climate on public health. Acclimatization. Climate prevention and climatotherapy.2 min · 13 cards
5. Microclimate. Influence of the microclimate elements on human work capacity and health.1 min · 12 cards
6. Water supply in settlements. Hygienic characteristics of water sources and supply systems. Sanitary and hygienic protection of water sources.3 min · 16 cards
7. Water – hygienic, health, and ecological significance. Hygienic requirements for the quality of drinking water.2 min · 15 cards
8. Hygienic evaluation of water purification and disinfection methods. Water pollution and selfpurification.3 min · 16 cards
9. Hygienic significance of the mechanical structure, physical properties and chemical composition of soil for public health. Pollution, self-purification, and sanitary and hygienic protection of soils.3 min · 16 cards
10. Plastics. Microplastics. Effects on health and the environment.3 min · 15 cards
11. Hygienic requirements for urban planning, construction and landscaping of settlements. Prevention of chemical, dust, and noise pollution.2 min · 15 cards
12. Household hygiene. Factors of the residential environment.1 min · 13 cards
13. Sanitation /asenization/ of settlements. Hygienic characteristics of the methods for treatment and disposal of liquid and solid domestic and industrial waste. Landfilling.2 min · 16 cards
14. Healthcare facilities. Basic hygienic requirements for their planning and layout. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections.1 min · 13 cards
15. Hygienic standards and requirements for specialized healthcare institutions. Nosocomial infections.2 min · 15 cards
16. Hygienic aspects of the organization and working conditions of healthcare workers.2 min · 16 cards
17. Hygienic foundations of a healthy lifestyle. Prevention of conditions and diseases caused by abuse of alcohol, medications, smoking and other harmful habits.2 min · 15 cards
18. Geriatric hygiene and geriatrics.4 min · 16 cards
19. Basic concepts, quantities and units in radiation protection. Sources of human exposure.3 min · 15 cards
20. Biological effects of ionizing radiation. Hygienic problems related to the use of radioactive substances and sources of ionizing radiation in various industries.3 min · 16 cards
21. Principles of protection from external and internal exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiological protection of the population and personnel during medical procedures.2 min · 13 cards
22. New trends and perspectives in nutrition science. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics.2 min · 15 cards
23. Role and importance of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in human nutrition. Dietary fibers.3 min · 12 cards
24. Role and importance of vitamins, minerals and microelements in human nutrition.2 min · 11 cards
25. Digestion and absorption of essential nutrients.2 min · 15 cards
26. Energy expenditure and caloric value of food.1 min · 16 cards
27. Hygienic significance of milk, dairy products and eggs.2 min · 14 cards
28. Importance of meat, fish and their products. Dietary fats. Assessment and hygienic requirements.4 min · 16 cards
29. Fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts. Their importance in human nutrition. Confectionery products.2 min · 14 cards
30. Biological and hygienic characteristics of cereal foods and grain-based products.1 min · 15 cards
31. Culinary processing and preservation of food products.2 min · 15 cards
32. Functional foods and beverages and additives (E-numbers). Genetically modified foods.1 min · 16 cards
33. Nutrition during pregnancy and breastfeeding.1 min · 14 cards
34. Nutrition of children and students.1 min · 16 cards
35. Nutrition of people engaged in mental work. Nutrition under stress.1 min · 13 cards
36. Nutrition of elderly people (geriatric dietetics). Nutrition and osteoporosis.1 min · 15 cards
37. Nutrition for athletes.1 min · 16 cards
38. Basic principles of therapeutic nutrition. Enteral and parenteral nutrition.1 min · 15 cards
39. Alternative nutrition.2 min · 15 cards
40. Specifics of modern human nutrition. Nutrition- and food-related diseases – classification. Principles of healthy nutrition.1 min · 15 cards
41. Diseases from biologically contaminated foods. Foodborne toxicoinfections and intoxications. Mycotoxicoses.1 min · 16 cards
42. Diseases from chemically contaminated foods. Harmful impurities in food products.1 min · 16 cards
43. Non-microbial foodborne illnesses from plant and animal products. Diseases resulting from food hypersensitivity (food allergies). Food-drug interactions.1 min · 16 cards
44. Diseases caused by malnutrition. Eating disorders.1 min · 16 cards
45. Nutrition and immunity. Nutritional anemias.1 min · 16 cards
46. The role of nutrition in obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.1 min · 16 cards
47. The role of nutrition in gastrointestinal diseases.1 min · 15 cards
48. Nutrition and cancer.1 min · 16 cards
49. Subject and tasks of the occupational health service. Occupational health and safety (OHS). Risk factors in the workplace. Classification of modern forms of labor.1 min · 16 cards
50. Current issues in occupational hygiene and ergonomics. Preventive roles and responsibilities of the occupational health physician.1 min · 14 cards
51. Ergonomic requirements for the workplace and work furniture – basic principles.1 min · 15 cards
52. Work capacity. Fatigue and overfatigue. Prevention.1 min · 16 cards
53. Occupational stress. Burnout.1 min · 16 cards
54. Occupational risk factors and occupational diseases. Harmful factors associated with poor work organization. Prevention.1 min · 16 cards
55. Impact of adverse physical factors on the human body in the workplace (microclimate, atmospheric pressure, etc.). Prevention.1 min · 16 cards
56. Noise, ultrasound and infrasound in production, industrial vibrations – hygienic characteristics, biological effects, prevention.1 min · 15 cards
57. Ultraviolet and infrared radiation, lasers in medicine. Hygienic characteristics, biological effects and prevention of their harmful impact.1 min · 16 cards
58. Occupational hygiene in the work with video display terminals.1 min · 12 cards
59. Dust aerosols.1 min · 15 cards
60. Chemical factors in production and fundamentals of occupational toxicology. Prevention of occupational poisonings.1 min · 16 cards
61. Occupational injuries. Personal protective equipment – hygienic requirements.1 min · 15 cards
62. Occupational hygiene for vulnerable population groups.1 min · 13 cards
63. Occupational health issues in modern agricultural labor. Working conditions of machine operators and livestock workers. Occupational hygiene in the use of fertilizers and pesticides.1 min · 14 cards
64. Occupational hygiene in the mining industry.1 min · 14 cards
65. Occupational hygiene in the metallurgical industry.1 min · 14 cards
66. Occupational health issues in mechanical engineering.1 min · 13 cards
67. Occupational health issues in the chemical industry.1 min · 13 cards
68. Occupational health issues in the textile industry.1 min · 13 cards
69. Occupational health issues in healthcare.1 min · 14 cards
70. Risk assessment in the workplace.1 min · 14 cards
71. Tasks and issues of the hygiene of children and adolescents.1 min · 14 cards
72. Anatomical and physiological characteristics of the child and adolescent organism. Patterns in the dynamics of the key morphological indicators.1 min · 14 cards
73. Problems of acceleration and biological maturity and their importance for the medical and preventive activities in educational institutions.1 min · 13 cards
74. Hygienic and physiological foundations of educational work in kindergartens and schools.1 min · 16 cards
75. Daily routine of the student – hygienic principles. Role of the medical specialist for their implementation. Prevention of school-related fatigue.1 min · 16 cards
76. Structure of morbidity in adolescents. Methods for monitoring and assessing the health status of children and adolescents.1 min · 15 cards
77. Hygienic principles of physical education, sports and conditioning of adolescents – significance and basic principles. Medical monitoring of physical education, sports and conditioning – main directions.1 min · 16 cards
78. Hygienic requirements for the planning, structure, and furnishing of nurseries, kindergartens, and schools. Hygienic issues of sanitary-technical infrastructure and hygienic requirements for equipment.1 min · 15 cards

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